MADHURI, D(MAJOR)ANJANEYULU, YDHANA LAKSHMI, KTANJU, SAGI2018-10-292018-10-292009-12http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810082499THESESABSTRACT : The objective of the present work was to evaluate the toxic effects of sodium arsenite, As(III) and its amelioration with Moringa leaf powder @ 0.1% and ascorbic acid @ 200 ppm in broiler chicken. In the present study, chicks of day-old age belonging to Vencobb strain were assigned to six groups (I,II,III,IV,V,VI) consisting of eighteen chicks in each group. Group I served as control (basal diet) and birds in group II were given sodium arsenite @ 200 ppm in basal diet for 42 days. Group III and IV were given Moringa oliefera leaf powder and ascorbic acid @ 0.1% and 200 ppm in basal diet respectively. Group V was fed, diet containing sodium arsenite @ 200 ppm and Moringa leaf powder @ 0.1% for 42 days. Birds in group VI were given with sodium arsenite @ 200 ppm and ascorbic acid @ 200 ppm in basal diet for 6 weeks. Clinically, reduced feed intake and decreased body weight gain were observed in birds fed with sodium arsenite and improvement in these were noted in ameliorative groups. Six birds from each group were sacrificed at fortnightly intervals. Blood, serum and tissue samples were collected. Over all mean values of Hb,PCV and TEC levels in control groups were in normal range where as levels were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in toxin group. The serum biochemical assays showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio while significant (P<0.05) increase in AST, creatinine, GGT was observed in group II birds. Oxidative stress parameters revealed significant (P<0.05) decrease of liver GSH in group II. The ameliorative groups V and VI showed marked improvement in all the above parameters as compared to toxic group. Grossly group II birds revealed enlarged liver with hyperemia, haemorrhages on kidney and liver, reduction in the size of spleen and bursa of Fabricius. Histopathological lesions in group II comprised of severe sinusoidal and venous congestion with mononuclear cell infiltration. Kidney sections showed severe congestion, intertubular haemorrhages, hydropic degeneration, cystic spaces and necrosis of epithelium. Severe depletion of germinal centres was observed in sections of spleen. Depletion of lymphocytes and cystic spaces was observed in sections of bursa of Fabricius. Heart sections revealed complete disruption of muscle fibres and heavy mononuclear cell infiltration. Similar types of gross and histopathological lesions were noted in ameliorative groups of less intensity. In conclusion, sodium arsenite caused a significant toxicity in broiler chicken and its amelioration with Moringa oleifera leaf powder and ascorbic acid was effective in combating the arsenic induced toxicity.ennullThesis