Singh, S.P.Srinivasu, M.2018-07-022018-07-022017-06http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810056411This study was undertaken to investigate the sub acute toxicity including genotoxic potential of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin by estimating heamtobiochemical parametres, oxidant parameters following oral administration @75mg/kg b wt and 150mg/kg b wt of enrofloxacin and 50mg/kg b wt and 100mg/kg bwt of ciprofloxacin for 28 days. Cyclophosphamide (20mg/kg b wt 24h prior to sacrifice) was used as standard genotoxic compound in rats. Thirty six Wistar rats of 8 weeks weighing 250-300gms were divided equally and randomly into six groups viz. I, II, III, IV, V and VI. Group I served as negative control and group II as positive control administered with cyclophosphamide @ 20mg/kg b wt i.p. 24 h prior to sacrifice. Other groups were administered with enrofloxacin @75mg/kg b wt in group III and @ 150mg/kg b wt group in IV. Ciprofloxacin was given @ 50mg/kg b wt in group V and @ 100mg/kg b wt group in VI p.o. for 28 days. A significant (P<0.05) decrease in absolute and relative liver weights were observed in group IV and VI as compared to control. A significant (P<0.05) reduction in Hb, PCV, MCH, MCHC, TEC and TLC was observed in treatments groups II to VI. There was significant (P<0.05) reduction in total serum protein and albumin in treatment groups II to VI. Significant (P<0.05) increase in globulin and A: G was observed in groups II to VI as compared to control group I. No significant (P<0.05) change was observed in triglycerides and bilirubin levels in the treatment groups. A significant (P<0.05) increase in BUN and creatinine values was observed in groups IV, V and VI. Significant (P<0.05) increase in AST and ALT activity was observed in groups II and VI as compared to control group I. A significant (P<0.05) increase in RBCs and tissue GSH, SOD and catalase activity and increase in LPO in RBCs and tissues were observed in groups II, III and V as compared with control group I. Histopathological changes such as severe congestion of large and small vessels, accumulation of mononuclear cells around many congested blood vessels, severe degeneration of hepatocytes and sinusoidal dilatation throughout the parenchyma in liver; severe congestion, interstitial hemorrhages, vacuolation of glomeruli and coagulative necrosis of varying degrees with condensation of glomerular tuft in many of the renal tubular epithelial cells in kidney were observed in higher dose groups of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. It is concluded from this study that enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin at high doses produced hemotoxic, hepatotoxic, mild nephrotoxic, oxidative stress and effects genotoxic in rats after 28 days.ennullThesis