Pangawkar, G. R.Dev, Sittal2019-02-282019-02-281995http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810097360The effect of physical and biochemical characteristics of estrual mucus on buffalo bull spermatozoa! penetrability (frozen semen) was studied in_ vitro by examining 64 estrual mucus samples from normal cycling (early, mid and late estrus) and repeat breeder buffaloes (mid estrus) in phase -I experiment. Semen from four healthy buffalo bulls (6 ejaculate from each) was collected and evaluated. The effect of semen quality (before and after freezing) on spermatozoal penetrability in vitro. was studied in mid estrual mucus, collected from three normal cycling buffaloes, by employing estrual mucus quality index in phase II experiment. Sperm penetration rate (mm/20 min) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in mid ustrual stage than that in early and late stage of estrus phase and lowest in repeat breeder mucus samples. Higher sperm penetrability was recorded in clear and thin consistency mucus samples. Typical coarse fern pattern was found to be the most suitable for sperm penetration. Comparatively higher sperm penetration rate was observed in sterile (bacterial free) estrual mucus than, that having bacterial growth. The pH of estrual mucus between 7.25 to 7.35 was found more conducive for sperm penetration.en-usThesis