T. G, PrasadBabli, Mog2016-05-232016-05-232013-11-02Th-10685http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66219Transgenic lines with bacterial ipt gene to increase endogenous cytokinin concentration in groundnut variety TMV-2 was developed and promising putative transgenic lines were selected. In the present investigation, 54 putative transgenic lines in T3 generation were analyzed for further physiological and yield characters. Based on leaf chlorophyll content and pod yield, 49 lines were advanced to T5 generation. Transgenic lines on an average had 27 and 32 percent more chlorophyll at the end of NaCl and Ethrel stress and also higher NRA activity. Based on chlorophyll content, NRA, pod yield and biomass, 22 lines were promoted to T6 generation. Transgenic lines maintained relatively higher leaf chlorophyll content and membrane integrity in response to NaCl and Ethrel stress. Transgenic lines also showed higher NRA activity, bigger leaves, more biomass production, pod number and pod weight at harvest. Based on pod yield per plant, 11 lines were advanced to T7 generation. Transgenic lines maintained more green leaf area, higher pod number and pod weight in two pot culture experiments conducted. Based on PCR, RT-PCR and southern blot analysis, three ipt transgenic lines were selected from previous generations to study influence of NaCl and moisture stress on physiological and growth parameters under both stress and non-stress conditions. Transgenic lines showed higher leaf chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, less membrane leakage and higher total leaf area both under non-stress, at the end of NaCl stress and during recovery from NaCl stress. All the transgenic lines maintained higher leaf area and biomass in shoot and root under both non stress and stress conditions. An attempt was also made to develop transgenic groundnut lines maintaining high endogenous cytokinin concentration by reducing the concentration of cytokinin degrading enzyme-CKO by antisense approach. Groundnut transgenic plants overexpressing pFGC5941: CKO gene was developed by Agrobacterium mediated inplanta transformation. Putative transgenic lines were screened over different concentrations of basta and CKO gene was confirmed by gene specific and bar primers in transgenic lines. The putative transgenic lines showed significant increase in pod number, pod yield, total shoot biomass accumulation and root weight per plant.encytokinins, planting, transgenics, genes, enzymes, developmental stages, chlorophylls, biological development, vegetative propagation, selectionThesis