Bhakar, S. R.Sood, S. V.2017-06-022017-06-022008Sood and Bhakae, 2008http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810013858Modelling of Groundnut Evapotranspiration under Agro-Climatic Conditions of AnandThe study was undertaken to develop and evaluate appropriate groundnut evapotranspiration models under climatic conditions of Anand. The measured groundnut evapotranspiration data obtained from electronic weighing lysimeter for three years (1986, 1987 and 1988) were used for analysis. The influence of climatic parameters on evaporation and groundnut evopotranspiration during rainy season was found to be identical. Air temperature, relative humidity and bright sunshine hours were found to be important factors for influencing evaporation and groundnut evopotranspiration. Wind speed was not found to influence the evaporation and groundnut evapotranspiration. Crop evapotranspiration data after two days of receiving water through rainfall more than 25 mm or irrigation were referred as agricultural crop based reference evapotranspiration (ET0A). Testing of ten reference evapotranspiration models (Penman FAO-24, Penman-Monteith FAO-56, Kimberly-Penman, Priestly-Taylor, Jensen-Haise Alfalfa Reference, Hargreaves Grass Related, SCS Blaney-Criddle, Blaney-Criddle FAO-24, FAO-24 Pan Evaporation and Christiansen Pan Evaporation) were made with the help of measured values of ET0A. Out of 10 models only three models viz. Penman-Monteith FAO-56, Christiansan pan evaporation and Penman FAO-24 were found to predict ET0A accurately under climatic conditions of Anand region. Reference evapotranspiration ETO as computed by Penman-moneith equation was estimated by artificial neural network ANN using resilient back propagation method. The ANN predicted ETO values were found to be reasonably accurate. The crop coefficient curves were developed for groundnut by FAO-56 curve method, modified FAO-56 curve method and quadratic curve method. The performance of modified FAO-curve method and quadratic curve method was found to be better than FAO-56 curve method. Modelling of groundnut evapotranspiration (ETG) was made with the help of pan evaporation. The performance of the pan evaporation model was found to be better than the models based on crop coefficients for estimation of ETG. Stochastic model was developed for estimation of daily groundnut evapotranspiration using 20-years 1986-2005 data. The developed stochastic models for groundnut evapotranspiration was found to predict the daily crop evapotranspiration very accurately. The CERES – PINUT GROW model which is a part of DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnologycal Transfer) model was used for groundnut phenology, growth, biomass, evapotranspiration and yield of pod and seeds. The model underestimated flowering stage of groundnut during the year 1986 and 1987 while it slightly overestimated during 1988. The model underestimated physiological maturity during all the years of the study. The model simulated biomass yield accurately. However, the performance of the model in simulating the cumulative evapotranspiriation was not found to be satisfactory. The model estimated the pod and seed yield properly. Simulation of soil moisture by means of the SPAW (soil-plant-air-water) model was carried out for different soil layers in groundnut crop. The fluctuation in the observed as well as simulated soil moisture was found to be maximum in upper layer of soil profile and minimum in lower soil layers. The model overestimated the soil moisture during crop vegetative period whereas during reproductive period it underestimated the soil moisture.ennullThesis