Paslawar, Dr. A. N.GAIKWAD, GODAVARI SAHEBRAO2021-11-292021-11-292020-12-25GAIKWAD, GODAVARI SAHEBRAO. (2020). Effect of organic sources and PPFM on morphoqualitative traits and soil health in organic cotton under rainfed condition. Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. Ph. D. 2020. Print. xviii, 230p. (Unpublished).https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810178431Experiment was conducted during 2016-17 and 2017-18 at the farm of Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and ten treatments, with a view to observed growth, productivity, quality, economics and energetic of organic cotton production through organic nutrient management including application of PPFM.The present investigation entitled “Effect of organic sources and PPFM on morphoqualitative traits and soil health in organic cotton under rainfed condition” was carried out at the farm of Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2016-17 and 2017-18.The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and ten treatments. The treatments consisted of T1: Absolute control (no organics / Inorganics), T2: RD of nutrient through organics on P equivalent basis (FYM @12.5t ha-1), T3: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + foliar application of PPFM @1 % at FL & BD, T4: Neem cake (NC) @ 250 kgha-1, T5 : GM of sunhemp in between cotton rows (GMS) (1:1), T6: Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1), T7: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC, T8: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1), T9: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @ 1 % at FL & BD+ NC + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1) and T10 :Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC + Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1). The experimental soil was Vertisol with clay loam in texture, low in available nitrogen (175.6 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (15.10 kg ha-1) and very high in potassium content (375.4 kg ha-1). The soil pH, EC and organic carbon were 8.08, 0.34 dSm-1 and 3.80 g kg-1, respectively. The crop was sown on 15th June 2016 and 22nd June 2017.The present investigation entitled “Effect of organic sources and PPFM on morphoqualitative traits and soil health in organic cotton under rainfed condition” was carried out at the farm of Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2016-17 and 2017-18.The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and ten treatments. The treatments consisted of T1: Absolute control (no organics / Inorganics), T2: RD of nutrient through organics on P equivalent basis (FYM @12.5t ha-1), T3: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + foliar application of PPFM @1 % at FL & BD, T4: Neem cake (NC) @ 250 kgha-1, T5 : GM of sunhemp in between cotton rows (GMS) (1:1), T6: Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1), T7: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC, T8: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1), T9: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @ 1 % at FL & BD+ NC + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1) and T10 :Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC + Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1). The experimental soil was Vertisol with clay loam in texture, low in available nitrogen (175.6 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (15.10 kg ha-1) and very high in potassium content (375.4 kg ha-1). The soil pH, EC and organic carbon were 8.08, 0.34 dSm-1 and 3.80 g kg-1, respectively. The crop was sown on 15th June 2016 and 22nd June 2017. Application of recommended dose of nutrient through farm yard manure @12.5 t ha-1 have pronounced significant effect on growth attributes and yield attributes of organic cotton crop and being at par with seed treatment of biofertilzers (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) along with application PPFM @ 1% spray and neem cake application @ 250 kg ha-1 with in- situ mulchning of sunhemp GMS (1:1). The highest seed cotton yield was recorded in the treatment FYM @12.5 t ha-1, however, maximum seed cotton equivalent yield was found in seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with intercropping of blackgram BGS (1:1) and intercrop with cotton + blackgram BGS (1:1) only. Organic sources of manures had no significant impact on ginning percentage, seed index, lint index, oil content and all the fiber quality parameters, but numerically higher values were observed in FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 followed by seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray at flowering and boll development stage + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with cotton + blackgram. The treatment of recommended dose of nutrient supplied through FYM differ significantly in relation to growth, yield and uptake of nutrients as compared to plant based organic sources of manures. The NPK uptake, physico-chemical and biological properties were improved through different organic sources. The organic carbon values were improved with treatment of FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1, seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 + in-situ green maurring sunhemp at 40DAS and cotton + intercropping over initial values of organic carbon as well as over control. Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g/kg of seed) + PPFM+ neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with intercropping of blackgram with cotton was found better in terms of GMR, NMR and B: C ratio as well as economic efficiency. On the basis the above findings, it is concluded that the use of different organic sources i.e biofertilizers, neem cake, PPFM and green manures, intercropping with blackgram among that treatment of FYM found better for maximizing yield and improving soil health. However, based on low cost technology seed treatment of biofertilizers (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) followed by PPFM PGR spray @ 1% + neem cake 250 kgha-1 with cotton + blackgram intercropping system (1:1) was emerged as the best alternative to FYM for economic efficiency and monetary returns of organic cotton along with enhancing soil health by growing improved Hirstum variety of cotton under rainfed conditions.EnglishThesis