KISHORE .P.V.S (MAJOR)TOMAR .M.P.SDEVI PRASAD .VVIVEKANAND KATTIMANISUSMITHA MARELLA2024-06-252024-06-252023-03https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810210865The female reproductive system in the adult dog consisted of paired ovaries, oviducts and uterus. Each ovary was caudal to the kidney and hidden inside the ovarian bursa which opened into the peritoneal cavity by a foramen on the medial surface. The outermost covering of the ovary was the germinal epithelium of the simple cuboidal type. The tunica albuginea beneath it contained numerous cortical tubules. The ovaries showed an outer cortex and an inner medulla. Primordial follicles in the peripheral part of the cortex beneath the tunica albuginea had and oocyte surrounded by a single layer of granulosa cells. Primary follicles with the oocyte were lined by a simple cuboidal epithelium. Secondary follicles with the oocyte were lined by the stratified epithelium with a glycoprotein layer (zona pellucida) around it. Tertiary follicles had a large oocyte, zona pellucida, antrum, stratum granulosum and the theca. The corpus luteum and corpora albicans were also observed. The medulla was centrally located. The germinal epithelium, tunica albuginea, the zona pellucida and the cells of corpus luteum were positive for PAS. The tunica albuginea, cortex, membrana granulosa, theca interna, the capsule and septa of corpus luteum and medulla were positive for AB. The oviducts on the surface of the bursa were suspended by a thin mesosalpinx. Each oviduct contained three parts from cranial to caudal viz, infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus. The mucosa of the infundibulum formed numerous primary, secondary and tertiary folds which gradually decreased towards the isthmus. Some of the folds coalesced and formed cavities in the propria submucosa. The mucosal folds were lined by a stratified cuboidal epithelium. The tunica muscularis of infundibulum was thin compared to that in the ampulla and isthmus. Its thickness gradually increased towards the isthmus. The thin tunica serosa was composed of simple squamous cells and continued with the mesosalpinx. The epithelium of mucosal folds and propria-submucosa in infundibulum showed a positive reaction for AB. The luminal epithelium of the ampulla and isthmus showed a positive reaction for PAS. Mild PAS positive reaction was observed in the propria submucosa. The tunica muscularis and tunica serosa showed positive reaction both for PAS and AB. The uterus was a thick hollow muscular organ situated in the midline of the dorsal abdominal cavity. It had a very short body and extremely long narrow horns which diverged from the body and presented a‟V” shaped structure. The wall of uterine horn was made up of three layers; endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium from within outwards. The endometrium was lined by a simple columnar epithelium and had endometrial glands. The myometrium was composed of inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of smooth muscle cells with the stratum vasculare in between. The thickness of endometrium, number of endometrial glands and myometrium gradually increased from proximal to the distal end. The perimetrium was composed of mesothelium. The endometrium of the body of uterus was lined by a simple columnar epithelium. It was very thick and the glands were numerous and larger. The myometrium was also thick and the stratum vasculare was the largest among all parts. The luminal epithelium of the endometrium, its stroma and the uterine glands showed a positive reaction for PAS. The endometrial glands and myometrium showed a positive reaction for AB. The endometrium and perimetrium showed a positive reaction for bromo phenol blue indicating the presence of basic proteins.EnglishThesis