N. Madhavan UnnyGHAG RUPALEE SUNIL2023-02-162023-02-162021-12-31https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810193897Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence.Thirty non azotaemic dogs with clinical signs suggestive of cardiovascular dysfunction formed the part of this study. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and acquired valvular disease were the two types of cardiac disorders diagnosed in these dogs. In dogs with DCM, tall R waves were observed on electrocardiogram (ECG), elevated vertebral heart score on radiography, gross enlargement of all cardiac chambers and increased left atrium to aorta diameter ratio, large E- point septal separation, lowered values of ejection fraction and fractional shortening were documented on echocardiography. In dogs with valvular disease, variability in R-R interval and low amplitude QRS complex on ECG, bronchial and vascular pattern on radiography and varying degrees of valvular regurgitation on echocardiography were recorded. Urine specific gravity varied between 1.000 – 1.025. The values of ionised calcium observed in the present study indicated mild hypocalcemia. A decline in serum inosine values on day 45 from that of day 0 was suggestive of reduced renal functional status. The urine microalbumin values documented were consistent with microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria was found to be a reliable biomarker of glomerular damage and developing nephropathy suggestive of CvRDH. On day 45, 26 of the 30 cardiac cases were clinically stable and were responding to the treatment. On day 90 of presentation, cough of reduced intensity and frequency was reported in four dogs. Six dogs with acute decompensated heart failure, volume overload and refractory to diuretics were subjected to ultrafiltration. Ultrafiltration rate in all these dogs was determined on the basis of clinical findings and estimate of volume overload. Four out of six dogs had favourable prognosis with stabilisation in condition and resolution in volume overload. Extracorporeal ultrafiltration was found to be a useful and yielding therapy for acute decompensated heart failure dogs which were refractory to diuretics.EnglishThesis