Dr. J. N. NariyaVikram Singh2017-10-282017-10-282017-06http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810033974Key words: Phosphorus, Sulphur, Growth, Yield, Quality, Uptake and Chickpea A field experiment entitled “Effect of different levels of phosphorus and sulphur on growth, yield and nutrient uptake by chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)” was carried out under medium black silty loam soil and slightly alkaline soil in reaction with pH 8, EC 0.36 dSm-1, low in available nitrogen (242.6 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (34.50 kg ha-1), medium in available potasium (221.0 kg ha- 1) and low in available sulphur (8.52 ppm), during rabi 2015-16 at the Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. The experiment consisting of 12 treatment combinations, comprising 4 levels of phosphorus (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) and 3 levels of sulphur (0, 20, 40 kg S ha-1). These treatments were evaluated under factorial randomized block design with 3 replications. The results revealed that the growth parameters, yield and yield attributes, quality parameters, nutrient content and uptake , available nutrients status in soil after harvest were significantly influnced by the various levels of phosphorus and sulphur. Maximum dry matter accumulation per plant at 45 DAS (2.13 g plant-1), 60 DAS (17.10 g plant-1), 75 DAS (23.93 g plant-1), 90 DAS (32.90 g plant-1) and at harvest (34.05 g plant-1), plant height (42.30 cm), number of root nodules (8.48) at 45 DAS, dry weight of root nodules per plant (102.90 mg plant-1) at 45 DAS, stover yield (2450 kg ha-1), biological yield (3944 kg ha-1), protien yield (313.61 kg ha-1), uptake of N and K by seed, phosphorus and sulphur content and uptake by stover, total uptake of N, P, S by crop, available sulphur status (13.11 ppm), gross return ( 62580 ha-1) and net return ( 36300 ha-1) were recorded with the application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1, which was significantly higher over control and 20 kg P2O5 ha-1. But maximum branches per plant (6.02), number of pods per plant (64.62), seed index (21.20 g), seed yield (1507 kg ha-1), phosphorus and sulphur content and uptake in grain, total phosphorus uptake by crop, available phosphorus status (43.53 kg P2O5 ha-1) were recorded with the application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1, which was significantly higher over control and 20 kg P2O5 ha-1. Furthermore application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded highest B: C ratio of 2.40 which was higher by 11.62 per cent over control. Application of sulphur @ 20 kg ha-1 resulted significantly higher branches per plant (5.77), highest number of root nodules per plant (9.40) at 45 DAS, Number of pods per plant (62.85), 100 seed weight, maximum seed yield (1442 kg ha-1), phosphorus and sulphur content and uptake in grain and available phosphorus (41.49 kg P2O5 ha-1). Also application of 20 kg S ha-1 recorded the B: C ratio of 2.37 which was higher by 9.21 per cent over control. While maximum dry matter accumulation per plant at 45 DAS (1.94 g plant-1), 60 DAS (15.59 g plant-1), 75 DAS (20.92 g plant-1), 90 DAS (29.33 g plant-1) and at harvest (30.41 g plant-1), plant height (40.65 cm), stover (2425 kg ha-1) and biological yield (3864 kg ha-1), protein yield (299.34 kg ha-1) , nitrogen uptake by seed, sulphur and phosphorus content and uptake by stover, uptake of nitrogen and potassium by stover, total uptake of N, P, K, S, available sulphur, gross and net return of 56417 ha-1 and 32573 ha-1 respectively, were recorded with the application of 40 kg S ha-1, which was significantly higher over control, 20 kg S ha-1. Combined effect of phosphorus and sulphur found to be synergistic on branches per plant, stover yield, biological yield, phosphorus content in seed and stover, sulphur content in seed and stover, N uptake by stover, P uptake by seed and stover, total N and P uptake, availability of sulphur, gross return, net return and B: C ratio. It probably happened because, the phosphorus and sulphur being absorbed as anion, their negative and positive interactions have been observed in different crops. The synergistic effect has been found at lower levels, while antagonistic influence has been noticed at higher levels. The qualitative highest seed yield and economic profitability of chickpea (Rabi, variety GG-5) can be achieved by application of phosphorus @ 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 and sulphur @ 20 kg S ha-1 in the medium black calcareous soils of Saurashtra region of Gujarat.enCHEMISTRYThesis