Sakeer Husain, ASreejas, SKAU2020-11-052020-11-052013173261https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810154545MScThe study entitled “Livelihood Analysis of Kattunaikan tribe of Wayanad” was conducted to analyse Livelihood capital and to study the Extent of deprivation of Kattunaikan tribe of Wayanad. Their Social exclusion, Attitude towards developmental interventions, and the Constraints experienced by them in livelihood security were also studied. The study “Livelihood Analysis of Kattunaikan tribe of Wayanad” was conducted in three developmental blocks of Wayanad district namely Sulthan batheri, Mananthavady and Kalpetta. The selection of number of settlements from each block was done based upon the population of Kattunaikans in each block. Three settlements Random sampling technique was followed in the selection respondents. From each settlement, 20 family heads were randomly selected. Total sample size for the study was 120. The dependent variables selected for the study were Livelihood capital, Extent of deprivation and Social exclusion. Independent variables were selected which includes Age, Landholding, Family size, Value orientation, Political orientation, Change resistance, Modernization, Alcoholism and Attitude. The correlation between dependent and independent variables was studied using correlation analysis. Constraints experienced in livelihood security were also recorded from a number of identified statements as perceived by the tribes people. The data were collected using pre-tested structured interview schedule prepared for the study. The statistical tools like mean, percentage analysis and correlation analysis were used to analyse the data. The salient findings are presented below. Majority of the Kattunaikans (55%) belonged to young category. Most of the Kattunaikans( 52.5%) had only upto 10 cents of land holding. More than 30 per cent of the Kattunaikans had six members in their family. Majority (62.5%) of the respondents were traditional. Ninety two point five per cent of the respondents were politically oriented. Majority (92.5%) of the respondents were least resistant to change. Forty five point eight per cent of the respondents were non users of alcohol. More than 90 percent of the respondents were modern. Majority (69.2%) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards developmental interventions. In the case of Human capital, it was observed that 50.8 per cent of the respondents were illiterate. More than three fourth (85%) of the respondents were included in the high hygiene category. Majority (63.3%) were having high addictive behaviour. More than half (61.7%) of the respondents were having poor health care seeking behavior. Majority (92.5%) of the respondents were taking unbalanced diet. Human capital was estimated as 51.6. With respect to Physical capital it was found out that More than 50 per cent of the respondents were having concrete houses. Exactly 42.5 per cent of the respondents were having houses with good condition. More than 40 percent of the respondents were having Material possession of only 1000-5000 rupees. Forty per cent of the respondents were having no livestock possession. More than half (69.2%) of the households have in-house toilet facility. Sixty per cent of the respondents were having electric connectivity in their houses. Majority (74.2%) of the respondents have to go up to 500m for collecting water. Physical capital was estimated as 59.9 Annual income of the respondents ranges from Rs.6200 to Rs.96000.The average annual income was found to be Rs 22435/-. The mean expenditure was found out as Rs.20605.83/-. Only 24.2 percent of the respondents were having savings. Only 4.2 percent had a debt for an average amount of Rs. 9000. Financial capital was estimated as 59.6. The poverty gap was estimated as Rs. 20242. More than 90 per cent of the respondents are trapped in poverty. The study indicated that53.3 per cent of the respondents belong to the low social participation category. Majority (60.9%) of the respondents were having a good social relationship. Social capital was estimated as 50.6 With respect to gross cropped area, 50 per cent of the respondents were in the category of ‘very low’. More than half (56.7%) of the respondents depend heavily on natural resources for their livelihood. Natural capital Index was found out as 35.9. The Livelihood Capital Index was obtained as 51.5. More than three fourth (77.5%) of the respondents were having medium livelihood capital index The respondents were mostly deprived of cultivable land in the forest, income, land, employment, recreation, nutrition, clothing and food. Nearly half (50.84%) of the respondents were in the low social exclusion category. The relationship between independent and dependent variables revealed that landholding showed positive significant relationship with Livelihood capital. Attitude showed negative significant relationship with Deprivation. Change resistance showed positive significant relationship and modernization showed negative relationship with social exclusion. Extent of deprivation is negatively and significantly correlated with Human capital, Social capital and Financial capital. The most important constraint faced by the tribes people is the absence of title deeds. Landless and inadequate land for cultivation, alcoholism and smoking, growing unemployment, wild animal menace and scarcity of drinking water were the other important constraints faced by the Kattunaikan tribe in livelihood security. Kattunikans have to be developed by considering their culture and tradition. From the study it is clear that even though they were having an inclination towards their values, they are getting modernised. It can be said that they are in a transition stage. They are less empowered. Empowerment through education is essential. Illiteracy, income deprivation and associated ill effects are very much prevalent among them. So educational development by utilizing the educated Kattunaikans as teachers, establishment of value addition units of forest produces and in the settlements especially for women and contributory savings schemes (through co-operative societies) have to be established.EnglishThesis