PATEL, J. R.JYANI, D. B.2018-06-052018-06-051999http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810049117Investigations on host plants, population dynamics, bio-efficacy of botanical and synthetic insecticides against Liriomyza trifolii Burgess and it's natural enemies were carried out and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) modules for tomato were evaluated at Gujarat Agricultural University, Campus Anand during 1995 to 1999. In middle Gujarat L. trifolii was recorded on 57 host plants which include fibre, pulses, vegetables, fodder, oilseeds, spices and condiments crop as well as medicinal and ornamental plants. It's incidence was relatively more on smoothgourd, bottlegourd, cowpea, cucumber, mustard, muskmelon, watermelon, pointedgourd, pumpkin, kaligeeri, abvel, wallflower and lobelia. The pest remained active throughout the life of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill), whereas on castor (Ricinus communis L.) and marigold (Tegetes erecta L.) activity was found from August to February and July to December respectively. During 1995-96 the activity was high in the 1st week of December, 3rd week of December and 3rd week of November on tomato, castor and marigold respectively, whereas during 1996-97, the pest population was at peak in lst week of October, 1st week of November and 3rd week of November on tomato, castor and marigold respectively. The pest population of L. trifolii on tomato, castor and marigold had positive and significant correlation with bright sunshine hours and negative correlation with minimum and mean temperature, relative humidity, vapour pressure and rainfall. The activity of L. trifolii was found on 12 weed plants with peaks in the 2nd fortnight of August and 1st fortnight of September during 1995-96 and 1996-97,respectively. The incidence was relatively more on shevary (Sesbania sesaban L.), chanak chibhdi (Mukia maderaspatana L.) and carvellweed (Gynandropsis pentaphylla L.). Spray of cyromazine @ 225 g a.i./ha and Neem (Azadirachtin indica A. juss) Seed Kernel Suspension (NSKS) 5 per cent proved effective against L. trifolii and Heliothis armigera Hb. and gave higher yield. Endosulfan 140 g a.i./ha, dimethoate 120 g a.i./ha, methyl-o-demeton 100 g a.i./ha proved equal effectiveness as cyromazine 90 g a.i./ha. The highest avoidable loss was found in a tomato crop protected .with cyromazine @ 45 g a.i./ha, whereas lowest with NSKS 5 per cent spray. Spray of NSKS 3 per cent and azadirachtin based formulation Gronim 0.3 per cent found effective against L. trifolii and H. armigera and yielded higher marketable fruit yield. Azadirachtin based formulations Neemol, Parasmani and Neemark as well as nicotine sulphate showed equal effectiveness and gave almost equal yield. Tomato crop protected with Naffatiya (Ipomoea fistulosa) Leaves Extract Suspension (NFLES) 3 per cent had highest avoidable loss followed by Parasmani 0.3 per cent, whereas lowest with NSKS 3 per cent and Gronim 0.3 per cent among plant materials and botanical formulations respectively. The activity of larval parasitoid (Chrysonotomyia spp. ) of L. trifolii was started from September on tomato, castor and marigold, but its activity was continued for a longer period on tomato and marigold than castor, whereas activity of larval pupal parasitoitl (Gronotoma spp.) remained for a shorter period on these three crop. It was higher on castor followed by marigold and tomato. The positive influence of temperature and morning vapour pressure was found on activity of Gronotoma spp. on castor, while Chrysonotomyia spp. had negative correlation with rainfall and morning relative humidity in tomato field. Spray of cyromazine 0.075 percent and abamectin 0.009 per cent proved effective against L. trifolii on tomato, castor and marigold. NSKS 5 per cent found least toxic to Chrysonotomyia spp. and Gronotoma spp. in tomato field, whereas cyromazine, abamectin and NSKS found equally toxic to Gronotoma spp. in castor field. The equal toxicity of cyromazine and NSKS to Chrysonotomyia spp. was found on marigold. Cyromazine' and endosulfan were found equally toxic to both the parasitoids whereas methyl-o-demeton was found less toxic to Chrysonotomyia spp. than dimethoate on tomato, castor and marigold. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) module Ma consisting intercropping of tomato with African marigold (T. erecta), installation of sexpheromonetrap for H. armigera along with spray of NPV, NSKS and endosulfan coupled with three releases of Trichogramma dhilonis was found effective against L. trifolii and H. arniigera and gave higher yield than module M1 and M2. The egg, larval, pre-pupal, pupal and adult stages of L. trifolii were shorter on castor than tomato and marigold, whereas fecundity was higher on castor than marigold and tomato, latter two had equal fecundity. The life span of male and female remained shorter on castor than marigold and tomato. The cent per cent emergence of adult L. trifolii was observed when pupae burried up to 5 and 10 cm depth of dry and wet soil respectively. The adult could not emerge from a pupae burried at a depth of more, than 25 cm.enAGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY, AGRICULTUREA STUDYThesis