Dhingra, H.R.Deepika2017-06-032017-06-032013http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810014653Present investigation was conducted on clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L).Taub.) var. HG 2-20 to study the effect of chloride dominated salinity on growth, development and yield attributes and to explore the possibility of induction of salinity tolerance through deployment of EMS. Seedling emergence, plant height, root length and its fresh as well as dry weights decreased with progressive increase in rhizospheric salinity. Membrane injury of leaves and roots, leaf succulence increased while relative water content and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased with salinity. Accumulation of soluble sugars and free proline in leaves with salinity is indicative of osmotic adjustment of leaves to some extent but decline in protein and starch content is possibly due to ion toxicity. Salinity decreased male fecundity conomittant with reduction in quantitative production of ovules. This is suggestive of female adjustment according to male fecundity and resource availability as evident from no change in the % ovules fertilized under saline conditions over control. Salinity decreased number of pods/cluster, number of pods/plant and number of seeds/pod. However percent pod set did not differ significantly upto 8dSm-1 and then decrease was evident at 12 dSm-1 level. Dry aerial biomass/plant was not affected significantly of 4dSm-1 salinity and it decreased with further increase in the level of rhizospheric salinity. Harvest index was not affected significantly by salinity upto 8dSm-1 level and then it declined at 12dSm-1 salinity. Seed yield/plant and seed quality in terms of starch, protein and guar gum content was, however deteriorated by rhizospheric salinity. Protein profile of leaves of guar plants raised under non-saline conditions showed polypeptide bands ranging from 67.61, 45.28, 29.12, 21.38 and 14.45 kDa. Among these, polypeptide bands of MW 45.28 and 14.45 kDa were present in leaves of salinized plants. Among various explants, cotyledonary node was found be the best explant and MSB5 medium + 2mgl-1 2,4-D and 1mgl-1 BAP supported best callus growth. Callus of cotyledonary node origin was compact, while those from other explants were fragile and forms suspension in EMS solution. BAP (1 and 2 mgl-1) alone supported 100% callusing from the cut end cotyledonary node while 2.0 mgl-1 BAP in combination with 1.5 mgl-1 NAA supported minimum callusing. Various permutation and combinations of plant growth regulators were used for regeneration from callus but could not be successful. Among different concentrations of salt, 200 mM NaCl was found to be the lethal. Culturing of EMS treated calli on NaCl adjunct medium showed no significant growth of callus upto 2.0h EMS treatment. An increase of duration of EMS treatment beyond 2.0h supported growth of callus which increased upto 3.0h and again declined with further increase in duration of EMS treatment. Fresh and dry weights of calli treated with EMS also increased upon raising on salt free medium over untreated ones. On the other hand, it decreased in untreated and treated calli (upto 2.0h duration) upon culturing on salt amended medium. EMS treatment of 2.5h and 3.0h duration improved callus growth on salt amended medium. EMS treatment in general increased starch, protein content, proline content and sodium content on salt amended medium over respective control while it decreased chloride content over respective control. Untreated subcultured callus, showed polypeptides of MW ranging 67.61, 66.07, 56.23, 50.12, 32.36 and 18.20 kDa, while the fresh callus showed 5 polypeptides of MW ranging 67.61, 50.12, 23.93, 21.38 and 13.80 kDa. NaCl induced new bands of MW 57.54, 28.18, 26.92 and 20.89 kDa while EMS treated calli for 2.5h and 3.0h and cultured on salt free medium showed polypeptide band of MW 56.23 and 32.36 kDa. Culturing of these calli on salt amended medium revealed presence of polypeptide bands of MW 67.61, 53.70, 50.12, 28.84, 20.89 and 18.62 kDa.enplanting, food preservation, tolerance, biological development, sowing, mutagens, biological phenomena, proteins, developmental stages, amino acidsThesis