Rawat, JagveerDhamu, Nitin2017-08-012017-08-012014http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810026867Modern delivery systems are being developed with aims of improving traditional vaccines, prolonging duration of host immunity, designing mucosal vaccines, etc. This study presents the synthesis of polyacrylamide nanoparticle (PAA-NPs) and exploring their utility as the delivery system for peste des petits ruminants virus antigens (PPRV-Ags) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant. Size, charge and polydispersity of PAA-NPs before and after adsorption of the PPRV-Ags and MPL were examined by DLS and TEM. PAA-NPs with adsorbed PPRV-Ags & MPL were of 269 nm size by DLS (80 nm - 200 nm by TEM), -31.8 ± 6.48 mV charge and 0.437 polydispersity index. The kinetics of antibody response in different groups (11 in all, n=7/group) of Swiss albino mice inoculated with the experimental vaccine and controls were examined. Each mouse was inoculated twice at 4-week interval and the serum samples were collected bi-weekly up to 42 days. IgG levels in serum samples from each group were determined by indirect ELISA. Statistically significant increase in IgG levels was observed in NP + MPL + PPRV (NMV) group on day 42 as compared to those in other groups (p<0.01). This observation indicated that PAA-NPs adsorbed with the inactivated PPRV antigens and MPL elicit a robust humoral immune response. For study of innate immune stimulation, the serum samples were collected 90 minutes after single intramuscular injection in the PAA-NPs-MPL and three controls groups of Swiss albino mice (n=7/group). TNF-α levels were measured by sandwich ELISA, using anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibodies. TNF-α levels in PAA-NPs-MPL group were significantly higher than those in MPL group and the negative controls (p<0.01). This study concluded that PAA-NPs adsorbed PPRV-Ags and MPL induced strong innate as well as IgG immune responses, and suggested that PAA-NPs could be developed as a delivery platform for vaccinal Ags and adjuvants.enThesis