Sushila SinghKamaljeet2024-01-222024-01-222023-08https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810206477The present study was undertaken to analyse the phytochemicals and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Kasood (Cassia siamea) leaves and flowers grown at Botanical Garden, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Proximate analysis; chemical analysis; mineral analysis; phytochemical parameters and antioxidant activity were determined. Leaves moisture content (7.51%), ash (5.22%), crude fat (3.69%), crude fiber (12.67%), crude protein (20.72%), total carbohydrate (51.19%), Cu content (1.06 ppm), Fe content (119.32 ppm), Mn content (40.60 ppm), Zn content (22.09 ppm), tannins (0.67 mg/g), alkaloids (9.12%). In flowers, moisture content (5.78%), ash (6.72%), crude fat (8.49%), crude fiber (14.17%), crude protein (20.97%), total carbohydrates (46.62%), Cu content (10.94 ppm), Fe content (59.05 ppm), Mn content (25.28 ppm), Zn content (28.67 ppm), tannins (1.50 mg/g), alkaloids (4.52%). Total phenolics (mg GAE/g) found for leaves in methanol (78.77) was obtained to be highest, followed by aqueous (73.98) and ethyl acetate (15.28) whereas in flowers total phenolics, in methanol (92.48) was found to be highest, followed by aqueous (86.25) and ethyl acetate (24.07). Total flavonoids (mg CE/g) for leaves in methanol (25.19) was found to be highest, followed by aqueous (22.84) and ethyl acetate (3.73) whereas in flowers, total flavonoids was found highest in methanol (34.77) followed by aqueous (30.71) and ethyl acetate (4.51). In leaves, DPPH free radical scavenging activity was highest in methanol ranges from 9.57 to 66.74% (IC50 243.59 μg/mL) at concentration level from 50 to 350 μg/mL followed by aqueous ranges from 7.32 to 61.85% (IC50 272.80 μg/mL) at concentration level from 50 to 350 μg/mL and ethyl acetate ranges from 12.91 to 70.04 % (IC50 2086.35 μg/mL) at concentration level from 500 to 3500 μg/mL. In flowers, DPPH free radical scavenging activity was highest in methanol ranges from 17.70 to 81.91% (IC50 146.47 μg/mL) at concentration level from 50 to 350 μg/mL followed by aqueous ranges from 14.04 to 77.37% (IC50 170.99 μg/mL) at concentration level from 50 to 350 μg/mL and ethyl acetate ranges from 16.27 to 74.46 % (IC50 1871.11 μg/mL) at concentration level from 500 to 3500 μg/mL. Methanol was found to possess highest amount of total phenolics, total flavonoids and DPPH free radical scavenging activity for leaves and flowers. Among plant parts, flowers possess higher amount of total phenolics, total flavonoids and DPPH free radical scavenging activity than leaves. Therefore, methanol extract of leaves and flowers was found to be best natural antioxidant which plays a great role to improve the human health ailments against the free radicals to combat the oxidative stress.EnglishThesis