Singh, BhoopendraSharma, Dr. Pushkar2022-05-072022-05-072022-02-18https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810184428ThesisThe present study was carried out to evaluate antifertility effect of Azadirachta indica and Madhuca longifolia in New Zealand White male rabbits. The male rabbits (n=30) were randomly divided into 5 groups (6 rabbits/group), as Group A (Control), Group B (Ethanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica @ 100 mg/kg b.wt./day), Group C (Ethanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica @ 200 mg/kg b.wt./day), Group D (Ethanolic leaf extract of Madhuca longifolia @ 100 mg/kg b.wt./day) and Group E (Ethanolic leaf extract of Madhuca longifolia @ 200 mg/kg b.wt./day). Both plant leaf herbariums were sent and confirmed. FT-IR analysis of plant leaf extracts revealed presence of flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins. GC-MS analysis showed presence of 241 and 199 metabolites in neem and mahua, respectively. Morphometric characters of testis (testicular length, testicular width, testicular thickness, paired testicular volume) and scrotal circumference was measured on day 0 (before treatment) and on day 15, 30 and 60 after treatment. Testicular length, width, thickness, paired testicular volume and scrotal circumference decreased significantly (p˂0.05) on day 60 post-treatment. Histopathological examination of testis was carried out on day 0 and day 60 post-treatment. In control group, the testicular structure was normal with seminiferous tubules full of spermatogenic cells with normal Sertoli cells. The basement membrane was normal and showed no abnormality. On day 60 post-treatment, the testis of treated group rabbits showed necrosis of seminiferous tubules with some disintegration of the lumen and degenerative effect on the epithelial lining of the cells. Degeneration of basement membrane, germ and Sertoli cells were observed. The seminiferous tubules were distorted; the Leydig cells were degenerated and diffused into the lumen and spermatozoa were disorganized. The lumen of the seminiferous tubules was filled with few spermatozoa cells. The necrotic changes and disintegration of the lumen of seminiferous tubules, degeneration of basement membrane, germ and Sertoli cells were prominently detected in group C and E in comparison to group A.EnglishThesis