EFFECT OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON WEED DYNAMICS, GROWTH AND YIELD OF LENTIL (Lens culinaris M.)
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Date
2021
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DRPCAU, PUSA
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Effect of Tillage and Weed Management Practices on Weed Dynamics, Growth and Yield of Lentil (Lens culinaris M.)” was carried out during rabi season of 2020-2021 at the Research Farm of TCA, Dholi (Muzaffarpur), a campus of Dr. RPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design, comprised three tillage practices viz., zero tillage, minimum tillage and conventional tillage in main-plot and five weed management practices viz., weedy check, hand weeding at 20 DAS, chlorimuron ethyl 4 g ha-1 (PE) + Paddy straw mulching (5.0 t ha-1), quizalofop ethyl 40 g ha-1 at 20 DAS, chlorimuron ethyl 4 g ha-1 (PE) + quizalofop ethyl 40 g ha-1 at 20 DAS in sub-plot. The lentil variety HUL- 57 was sown in first week of October in row 30 cm apart using the seed rate of 40 kg ha-1. The plant to plant distance of 10 cm was maintained by thinning three weeks after sowing.
Tillage and weed management practices had positive effect on growth, yield indices and yield of lentil. Among tillage practices, conventional tillage recorded significantly taller plant, accumulated more plant dry matter, crop growth rate and number of branches plant-1 than zero tillage and was closely followed by minimum tillage. Among weed management practices, hand weeding although recorded significantly higher plant height, accumulated more plant dry matter, plant growth
rate and number of branches plant-1 than post-emergence application of quizalofop ethyl (PoE) but was found similar to, chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + Paddy straw mulching and chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + quizalofop ethyl at 20 DAS. Weedy check recorded significantly lower values of these parameters than weed control treatments.
Tillage practices exerted non-significant effect on seeds pod-1 and test weight, but pods plant-1 significantly affected by tillage practices. Among tillage practices, conventional tillage recorded significantly higher number of pods plant-1 than zero tillage but was found at par with minimum tillage. Weed management practices had non-significant effect on seeds pod-1 but was pods plant-1 and test weight were significantly influenced by weed management practices. Weed management practices significantly enhanced number of pod plant-1 and test weight than weedy check. Hand weeding recorded significantly higher number of pod plant-1 than chemical weeding except chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + paddy straw mulching.
Conventional tillage produced significantly highest grain and straw yield but was similar to minimum tillage and both recorded significantly higher grain and straw yield than zero tillage. Tillage practices, exerted non-significant effect on harvest index. Among the weed management practices hand weeding recorded highest grain and straw yields but was found at par with chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + paddy straw mulching and chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + quizalofop ethyl at 20 DAS and these significantly surpassed over quizalofop ethyl (PoE). Weed management practices recorded significantly higher harvest index than weedy check. However, among the weed management practices harvest index did not differ significantly.
Tillage and weed management practices exerted non-significant effect on protein content of grain. However, tillage and weed management practices significantly influenced NPK-uptake by crop. Conventional tillage significantly increased NPK-uptake by crop than minimum and zero tillage. Likewise, weed management practices also significantly increased the NPK-uptake by crop than weedy check. Hand weeding recorded significantly higher P and K uptake by crop than chemical weeding except chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + paddy straw mulching. However, N-uptake was significantly more in hand weeding than chemical weeding. Among chemical weeding, NPK-uptake did not differ between combined application of chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + paddy straw mulching/ and Chlorimuron ethyl (PE) +
quizalofop ethyl (PoE) and these recorded significantly higher NPK-uptake by crop than quizalofop ethyl (PoE).
Conventional tillage significantly reduced weed density, weed biomass, weed growth rate and NPK- depletion by weed than minimum and zero tillage. Similarly, weed management practices significantly reduced weed density and weed biomass than weedy check. Among weed management practices, hand weeding at 20 DAS significantly reduced weed density, weed dry biomass, NPK-depletion by weed and enhanced weed control efficiency than chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + paddy straw mulching, chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + quizalofop ethyl at 20 DAS and quizalofop ethyl at 20 DAS.
Conventional and minimum tillage being at par with respect to gross return, net return and B: C ratio recorded significantly higher gross and net return than zero tillage, while only conventional tillage recorded higher B: C ratio than zero tillage. Among weed management practices, hand weeding recorded highest gross return net return and B: C ratio and was significantly higher in chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + paddy straw mulching and chlorimuron ethyl (PE) + quizalofop ethyl at 20 DAS.