Development of compost formulation based on paddy straw and maize stalks for cultivation of Agaricus bisporus
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Date
2018
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Composting is carried out under aerobic thermogenesis to prepare a selective substrate for Agaricus bisporus production. Conventionally, wheat straw based synthetic compost is used for its production. Use of paddy straw as such tends to make the composting process anaerobic leading to low quality compost and low yields. In the present study, an alternative high yielding compost formulation based on paddy straw + maize stalks as a substitute to the existing wheat straw based compost has been made. The physico-chemical characteristics of the composts revealed their moisture, pH, temperature, C:N ratio to be within the range of 58.7-67.3%, 6.4-7.9, 42.1-76.4°C, 37.7:1-16.6:1 respectively. During different stages of mushroom cultivation i.e at zero day of compost, final grade compost, pin head stage, after first flush and at crop termination, the straw was analysed for proximate composition. NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose content was significantly reduced upto pin head stage and ranged from (70.20-46.20%), (52.41-33.72%), (36.37-20.69%), (17.59-8.57%) respectively and stable thereafter in all the compost. Total ash content was showed increment and ranged from 10.90-21.37%. There was no decline in the lignin content during different stages of composting and crop production. The yield data indicated that maximum yield (13.6 kg/q compost) in paddy straw + maize stalk (1:1) compost with 1563 fruit bodies/q compost. It was observed that paddy straw + maize stalk (1:1, w/w) compost was better degraded than paddy straw + maize stalk (2:1,w/w) and paddy straw composts. From the present study, it concluded that paddy straw + maize stalk (1:1, w/w) compost was the best formulation which could be further exploited for large scale production of mushrooms for small and marginal farmers.
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