Induced mutagenesis and molecular characterization of elite mutants for grain quality in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
| dc.contributor.advisor | Rana, Vijay | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rana, Amit | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-08-20T05:25:52Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-08-20T05:25:52Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-06-23 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Present studies were conducted with four wheat varieties viz., HS 490, HPW 89, HPW 360 and HPW 251, mutagenized using 175 Gy, 200 Gy, 225 Gy, 250 Gy, 275 Gy & 300 Gy of gamma rays (γ) and 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.9%, 1.1% & 1.3% of EMS to assess their mutation effectiveness and efficiency, spectrum of induced macro mutations in M1 and M2 generation at the Experimental Farm, Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan during Rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22. Results showed similar trend of reduction in different parameters with increase in dose/concentrations of both mutagens under lab and field conditions in M1 generation. The LD50/LC50 values of four wheat varieties varied between 290-315 Gy and 0.90-1.35% in case of γ-rays and EMS under lab conditions whereas 240-290 Gy and 0.50-1.10% in case of γ-rays and EMS under field conditions. HPW 251 was found to be more sensitive to both mutagens whereas, HPW 89 emerged as relatively less sensitive to γ-rays and HS 490 to EMS. These results indicated higher sensitivity of semi-hard varieties to mutagens as compared to soft-textured varieties. In M2 population of 18,862 plants, a broad spectrum of chlorophyll mutants (0.949%) and morphological mutants (4.135%) were observed. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency showed that highest estimates were found at higher concentrations, but the estimates changed non-linearly with increase in concentrations over all four varieties for both the mutagens. Overall, HPW 251 was found to be most sensitive for mutagenic treatments as compared to HPW 360, HPW 89 and HS 490. EMS caused higher shift in magnitude of all the parameters studied as compared to γ-rays. Based on LD50, three doses (250 Gy, 300 Gy & 350 Gy) of γ-rays were used for inducing mutations in wheat variety HPW 89. Five mutagenic generations viz., M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 of HPW 89 were raised and studied using Rabi seasons and off-seasons through 2019-2022 at the Experimental farm, RWRC, Malan; HAREC, Kukumseri and IIWBR Regional Station, Dalang maidan, L&S to select agro-morphologically superior, disease resistant and better-quality mutants. Presence of significant variation among 293 M4 mutant lines indicated the scope of selecting desirable mutants for various agro-morphological and quality traits. High phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation as well as high estimates of broad sense heritability coupled with high genetic advance for flag leaf length, flag leaf area, peduncle length, biological yield/plant and grain hardness that selection based on these traits would be effective and rewarding. Days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, biological yield/plant, harvest index and grain hardness emerged to be suitable selection criteria for grain yield improvement on the basis of correlation and path analysis. Out of 108 semi-hard elite mutants, 8 mutants viz., Mut9, Mut17, Mut58, Mut104, Mut109, Mut126, Mut179 & Mut195 were found superior with higher grain hardness, better grain appearance score, sedimentation value and protein content as compared to parent variety HPW 89. These mutants can be further subjected to multi-location testing before channelizing them into the breeding programmes. Overall, two mutants viz., Mut9 and Mut17 were found promising for grain yield, resistance to yellow rust and powdery mildew and desirable quality parameters. Molecular characterization of 108 semi-hard mutants showed presence of both pina and pinb genes. However, mutants having higher grain hardness as compared to parent variety HPW 89 suggested mutations in one or both genes and ma | |
| dc.identifier.other | A-2019-40-013 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810213379 | |
| dc.keywords | Triticum aestivum L. | |
| dc.keywords | Bread Wheat | |
| dc.keywords | Induced mutagenesis | |
| dc.keywords | allelic variation | |
| dc.language.iso | English | |
| dc.pages | 377 | |
| dc.publisher | CSK HPKV, Palampur | |
| dc.sub | Genetics and Plant Breeding | |
| dc.theme | a) induce mutations in bread wheat using different doses of γ-rays and EMS, b) agro-morphological evaluation of superior mutants for grain quality, disease resistance and yield attributing traits, and c) molecular characterization of selected mutants for grain hardness and grain protein content. | |
| dc.these.type | Ph.D | |
| dc.title | Induced mutagenesis and molecular characterization of elite mutants for grain quality in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) | |
| dc.type | Thesis |