STUDIES ON EFFECT OF REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES ON PREGNANCY RATE IN SURTI GOATS AND EARLY PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS USING ULTRASONOGRAPHY
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Date
2009
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
The present experiment on "Studies on Effect of Reproductive Hormones on Pregnancy Rate in Surti Goats and Early Pregnancy Diagnosis using Ultrasonography" was carried out with the objectives, to study reproductive rate in normal goats, to evaluate the effect of PGF2a and GnRH for induction of oestrus and pregnancy rate, to study the level of progesterone and metabolic profile viz. blood glucose, total protein, cholesterol and triglycerides before and after PGF2a and GnRH treatment, to detect early pregnancy in goats using ultrasonography by 30 days postmating and to evaluate early gestational progress measuring foetal sacs. The data relating the reproductive parameters like date of service, date of kidding, litter size and sex of kids were collected from the previous records of year 2004 - 2008 and reproductive performance in normal Surti goats was evaluated. Kidding interval decreased as parity increased, and it varied with management systems. Kidding was distributed during the month of August to January. Mating was highest during the months from April to June. Overall percentage of single and twin births were 83 and 21 respectively during the years 2004 to 2009. Overall percentage of male and female kids was 57 and 43 respectively from the year 2004 to 2009. Birth weights of female and male kids were less than that of twin births. No considerable change was observed in the litter size and litter weight with parity. The overall value of reproductive rate at Instructional farm and RBRU goat farm during the year from 2004 to 2008 was 1.13. The observed oestrus characteristics of Surti goats included, wagging of tail, frequent urination, teasing by buck, bleating, rubbing themselves on buck, standing still by teasing and mounting by buck, seeking the company of the buck, excitement, vulvar oedema and vulvar discharge, wagging of tail and bleating. Before hormonal treatment all goats were screened for pregnancy with the help of Ultrasonography. The induction of estrus using hormonal administration was carried out in the months towards the end of breeding season (in the month of August), during non breeding season (October - November) and towards beginning of breeding season (February - March). Plasma level of Progesterone and metabolic profile, viz. plasma glucose, total protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, and Plasma macro-minerals - calcium and inorganic phosphorus - were estimated from blood plasma collected on the day before administration of hormone, on the 3rd day and on the 10' day of administration of hormonal preparations. The date of service of does showing oestrus and oestrus behaviour were noted. A total of 12 goats were treated with two different doses of PGF2a [250 ug (Tl) and 125 ug cloprostenol (T2)] towards the end of breeding season. The overall oestrus response rate was 100% in treatment group 1 and 83% in treatment group 2. The average interval from treatment to oestrus response was 10.83 + 2.40 days and 15.20 + 0.58 days in treatment group 1 (Tl) and 2 (T2) respectively. The pregnancy was diagnosed using Ultrasound scanning and confirmed later by kidding. The overall pregnancy rate was 100.00% incase of Tl and 83.33 % in case of T2 groups. A total of 12 goats were given (two groups of six animals each) GnRH treatment during non-breeding season @ 0.008 mg (T3) and 0.004mg Buserelin acetate (T4). Four out of six goats (67%) from the treatment group 3 (T3) and two out of six goats (33%) from the treatment group 4 (T4) exhibited weak oestrus signs of short duration which included excitement, wagging of tail and teasing by buck except mounting. Conception rate was nil in both of the groups, since no mating occurred. Twelve does (six in each group) were injected GnRH [(0.008 mg (T5) and 0.004 mg Buserelin acetate (T6)] during the beginning of breeding season. All the animals exhibited oestrus signs. The average interval from treatment to oestrus in T5 and T6 groups were 9.83 ± 1.70 days and 13.00 ± 1.91 days respectively. The overall conception rate was 100%. Level of Progesterone in PGF2a treatment group was significantly lower (P < 0.05) towards the end of breeding season. Plasma glucose, protein and cholesterol were significantly higher (P < 0.05) during breeding season. No significant difference was observed for plasma triglyceride level between treatments and between interval groups. The plasma calcium values increased significantly (P < 0.05) between intervals and plasma phosphorus values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in GnRH group during breeding season. The accuracy of detecting pregnancy and non-pregnancy was nearly 100% by 45"^ day of gestation using ultrasonography screening. Early Pregnancy was detected by multiple fluid filled sacs and echoic embryo with heart beat itself from day 19-30 of gestation. Another changes observed as gestation progressed were anechoic fluid filled sac surrounding the conceptus, umbilicus, and fully developed foetus with clear differentiation of head, neck and thorax, fetal parts like limbs at its budding stages, cranial bones, vertebral column and rib cage. By observing these changes, age of the fetus in utero can be assessed.
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Veterinary Obstetrics and Gynaecology, A Study