INCIDENCE AND BIO-CONTROL OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODE, Meloidogyne incognita INFESTING FIELD PEA
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Date
2021
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Dr.RPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
Field pea, Pisum sativum var. arvense belongs to family Leguminosae is an annual cool
season grain legume and one of the most versatile crop for being extensively used as human
consumption, livestock feed, fresh or canned vegetable. Meloidogyne incognita has been
identified as a major impediment in effective field pea production. It is the most damaging,
accounting for 40-45 percent of pea losses. According to a survey done in several districts of
Bihar, M. incognita has been found to infect field pea crops in all of the locations. The greatest
prevalence of M. incognita was found in the Birauli Khurd (974) locale, while the lowest was
found in the Pusa Mahamadpur Deopar (442). Other plant parasitic genera found in the
rhizosphere of field pea crops were M. javanica, Rotylenchulus spp., Haplolaimus spp., and
Helicotylenchus spp. The mean root knot index (RKI) was 4 on a scale of 1 to 5, suggesting that
field pea plants planted in all areas were susceptible to the root knot nematode M. incognita,
according to Hartman and Sasser (1985).
According to life cycle studies, J2 of M. incognita was infective juvenile stage (IJ) and
penetration begins at the zone of elongation of root tips within 72 hours of inoculation. At an
average day temperature range of 9.3 to 21.1°C and RH of 94 percent, the life cycle of the
southern root knot nematode in field pea was completed in 33-35 days.
The bio-control agents viz. Glomus fasciculatum (85-90 spores/g), Trichoderma
harzianum 1.0% WP (2×106 cfu/g), Pseudomonas fluorescens 1.0% WP (1×108 cfu/g),
Paecilomyces lilacinus (Purpureocillium lilacinum) 1.0% WP (2×106 cfu/g) either singly or in
combined application shown significant improvement in plant growth and development and in
declining nematode population. The combined application of P. fluorescens 1.0% WP (1×108
cfu/g) and Purpureocillium lilacinum 1.0% WP (2×106 cfu/g) @ 10g/pot each was determined
to be the most efficacious. However, chemically treated plants with Cartap hydrochloride 4G @
5g/pot had the lowest nematode population, number of galls/plant and Reproduction factor (Rf).
Paecilomyces lilacnius (Purpureocillium lilacinum) 1.0% WP (2×106 cfu/g) @ 10g/pot
demonstrated promising effects in plants when just single bio-control agent was used. This study
discovered that utilizing a mixture of bio-control agents was more effective than using biocontrol
agents alone in reducing the population of M. incognita. According to the study, biocontrol
agents had the same effects as Cartap hydrochloride 4G. As a result, bio-control agents
can be used instead of nematicides.