STUDIES ON THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SARACA INDICA Linn BARK ON FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF RATS SUBJECTED TO SUBCHRONIC PREPUBERTAL CADMIUM INTOXICATION.
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Date
2011-08
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT :
Cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metal naturally occurring in the environment. Cadmium affects female reproductive organs and its action may be either direct, affecting the gonads and accessory organs or indirect via interference with the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis. Majority of the deleterious effects of cadmium are related to its potential to induce oxidative damage within the cells. Thus supplementation of antioxidants during cadmium intoxication would have beneficial effect. Ashoka tree, universally known by its binomial latin name Saraca indica (SI) belonging to family Caesalpinaceae is found throughout India. The bark of Ashoka is reported to have antioxidant properties. Hence, the protective effect of methanolic extract of bark of SI was assessed in prepubertal rats administered with subchronic dose of cadmium. Sixty Wistar strain female rats aged about 21-24 days were randomly assigned into 6 equal groups. Group I was maintained as control, while groups II, III and IV rats received cadmium @4.4mg/kg b.wt. as CdCl2 orally by gavage daily for 60 days. In addition, group III rats were administered with SI extract @ 200mg/kg b.wt. orally for 60 days while group IV rats received vitamin E @ 75mg/kg b.wt. orally for 60 days. Group V rats received SI extract @ 200mg/kg b.wt. orally by gavage daily for 60 days. Group VI rats were administered with vitamin E @ 75mg/kg b.wt. by oral gavage daily for sixty days. Cadmium toxicity in group II rats was manifested as a decrease in body weight gain, prolongation of diestrus phase, decrease in ovary weight, increase in uterus weight, decrease in antioxidant markers viz., SOD and GSH, increase in peroxidation markers viz., TBARS and protein carbonyls and decrease in ALP, AchE, cholesterol in ovary. Alterations in histological architecture and increased cadmium concentration were also observed in female reproductive system of prepubertal rats following cadmium administration. In groups III and IV that received SI and vitamin E supplementation along with cadmium, a reversal in the biochemical alterations induced by cadmium was observed. This trend was in agreement with improved body weight gain and less severe histological changes in ovary, oviduct and uterus and reduced cadmium load in the ovary. It was apparent from the study that methanolic extract of SI has protective effect in cadmium induced oxidative damage in female reproductive system of prepubertal rats.
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