Study of SW monsoon rainfall pattern in Haryana
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Date
2014
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present scientific investigation entitled ‘Study of SW Monsoon rainfall pattern in Haryana’ was
undertaken to analyze the monsoon rainfall behaviour during SW monsoon season and its impact on kharif crops
productivity in Haryana. In Eastern Agroclimatic Zone, weekly mean maximum rainfall of 77.2 mm in 29th SMW,
69.9 mm in 28th SMW and 52.1 mm in 32nd SMW was observed at Ambala, Karnal and Sonepat, respectively
whereas in Western Agroclimatic Zone, weekly mean maximum rainfall of 51.2 mm in 30th SMW, 40.4 mm in 29th
SMW and 37.5 mm in 27th SMW was observed at Bawal, Hisar and Sirsa, respectively. In Eastern Agroclimatic Zone,
monthly mean maximum rainfall of 290.6 mm (July), 208.6 mm (July) and 197.9 mm (August) was observed at
Ambala, Karnal and Sonepat, respectively while in Western Agroclimatic Zone, monthly mean maximum rainfall of
179.9 mm (August), 130.2 mm (July) and 124.3mm (July) was observed at Bawal, Hisar and Sirsa, respectively. In
Eastern Agroclimatic Zone, seasonal mean rainfall of 750.5 mm , 594.4 mm and 514.5 mm was observed at Ambala,
Karnal and Sonepat, respectively and in Western Agroclimatic Zone, seasonal mean rainfall of 473.7 mm , 356.7
mm and 309.2 mm was observed at Bawal, Hisar and Sirsa, respectively. Seasonal average numbers of rainy days
recorded were 29 at Amabla, 27 at Karnal and 24 at Sonepat (Eastern Zone).Whereas, there rainy days were 24 at
Bawal, 19 at Hisar and 14 at Sirsa (Western Zone) observed during the entire period of study. Normal onset date for
SW Monsoon was 29th June at Ambala and Karnal whereas, it was 30th June at Karnal (Eastern Zone). In Western
Zone, the normal onset date of SW monsoon was observed at 30th June at Bawal, 1st July at Hisar and 3rd July at Sirsa.
Average duration of SW monsoon was 76 days at Ambala & Karnal, 74 days in Sonepat (Eastern Zone); Whereas,
this duration was 73 days at Bawal, 70 days at Hisar and 65 days at Sirsa (Western Zone). In the entire state of
Haryana, four stations viz., Ambala, Bawal, Hisar and Sirsa exhibited increasing trend in rainfall @ 7.2 mm, 5.3 mm,
2.0 mm and 1.8 mm, respectively. Whereas, two stations viz., Karnal and Sonepat exhibited decreasing trend @ 0.7
mm and 0.5 mm per mm, respectively. Higher values of standard deviation and coefficient of variation on temporal
and spatial scale exhibited highly variable rainfall in the netire state during the period under study. Correlation
coefficient between seasonal monsoon rainfall and rice productivity attained was between 0.52 to 0.58 at all three
stations and the comparatively lower ‘r’ value may be attributed to assured irrigation facilities in the Eastern
Agroclimatic Zone. Correlation coefficient between seasonal monsoon rainfall and guar productivity attained was
between 0.79 to 0.85 at all three stations and the comparatively higher ‘r’ values may be attributed priority to rainfed
cultivation of guar entirely dependent on seasonal rains in the Western Agroclimatic Zone.
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Keywords
Monsoon rainfall, Rice, Clusterbean, Crop productivity, Agroclimatic zones of Haryana