Diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle and buffaloes using molecular and immunological approaches
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Date
2021
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was carried out to diagnose bovine tuberculosis in live animals using techniques such as Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test (CITT), Gamma Interferon Assay and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay to detect the antibodies against the disease. Further molecular diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) by conventional PCR was carried out on animals that were reactors in cell-mediated immune response. Two hundred thirty animals (74 cattle and 156 buffaloes) were selected from an organised dairy farm at Ludhiana and one each unorganised dairy farm from Jalandhar and Gurdaspur district. Blood samples were collected from animals to carry out ɣ-IFN assay, study the antibody response and conventional IS6110 PCR in reactor animals. Seventeen animals were positive for bTB by CITT and twenty one by ɣ-IFN assay. Seventeen animals that were tested positive by CITT, displayed positive result in ɣ-IFN assay. Four animals which were not tested positive for TB with CITT were positive with ɣ-IFN. Thirteen animals were positive for antibody response. Blood samples from 50 CITT reactor animals were processed for conventional IS6110 PCR, out of which 23 animals were positive for MTC. Six CITT inconclusive reactors were positive by PCR. Four ɣ-IFN assay negative animals tested positive by PCR. Thus multiple tests involving both the cell-mediated immune response and the humoral response should be carried out for the accurate diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.
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