Epidemiology and integrated management of Anthracnose of greengram
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Date
2009
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UAS Dharwad
Abstract
major diseases of greengram. Survey work revealed that, the disease severity was
found more in Bidar (49.43%) and least in Bijapur (23.86%) districts.
The observations on loss estimation revealed that comparatively lower disease index
and maximum BCR was recorded in plots receiving two sprays of carbendazim. The average
grain yield loss of 40.18% and stalk yield loss of 46.90% was noticed due to anthracnose in
unsprayed plots.
The maximum mycelial weight was observed after 15 days of incubation. Solid
medium like potato dextrose agar, liquid medium like Richard’s medium, temperature of
300C, RH of 95%, pH 6.5 and alternate cycles of light and darkness were found best for the
growth and sporulation of C. truncatum.
The spore load was maximum during last week of July and first week of August. The
correlation studies between spore load, PDI and weather parameters indicated a negative
correlation with temperature, while positively correlated with relative humidity and rainfall.
The greengram crop sown on 4th June showed least disease severity. C. truncatum was
survived upto 360 days in infected seeds and also in infected leaves stored under freeze
condition. The flowering stage was found susceptible to the disease development. In host
range studies only blackgram and horsegram had shown infection.
The genotypes TM-96-2 and TARM-18 were found resistant to anthracnose. Further,
comparatively lesser sugar and higher phenol content were observed in these varieties than in
susceptible variety.
In vitro evaluation revealed that, propiconazole, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl,
benomyl, hexaconazole and carbendazim + mancozeb were found effective. Among
botanicals azadirachtin was effective. Among bioagents and ITKs Trichoderma harzianum
and cow urine respectively were most effective. In the management study hexaconazole was
found to be effective in control of the anthracnose with maximum BCR