Prevalence And Pathology Of Gumboro Disease
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Date
1993
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Studies on prevalence of Gumboro disease revealed its
overall incidence to be 0.28 per cent with mortality
ranging from 0.08 to 25 per cent. However, in majority of
outbreaks the mortality varied from 0.1 to 5 per cent.
Maximum outbreaks occurred in Ludhiana district followed by
Jalandhar and Sangrur. Maximum outbreaks occurred in the
month of May during the summer season in the birds aged 21-
28 days. The disease was produced experimentally in the
broiler chicks. The birds exhibited signs of dullness,
depression, anorexia and ruffled feather. Mortality occurred
between 3rd and 5 DPI. Biochemical studies revealed a
decrease in total proteins and albumin and a marked increase
in SGOT, SGPT, LDH, alkaline phosphatase and uric acid.
Patho-anatomical studies revealed similar changes in
spontaneous and experimental birds. The bursa of Fabricius
was hypertrophied and covered with yellowish tranudate.
Haemorrhages were noticed both on serosal and mucosa]
surface. Kidneys, liver and spleen were swollen.
Haemorrhages were noticed on the muscles of thigh andbreast. Microscopically, lymphoid necrosis, edema,
haemorrhages and subsequent atrophy of bursal follicles were
observed in bursa of Fabricius. Congestion, haemorrhages and
degenerative changes were observed in the liver and kidneys.
Lymphoid necrosis, occurred in the spleen and thymus. 25 per
cent mortality occurred in the inoculated chicken embryos.
Grossly liver necrosis, edema in the abdominal region and
subcutaneous tissue were prominent lesions. Slight dwarfing
of chicken embryos occurred by 120 hour PI.
Histopathologically, necrotic areas were observed in the
liver. Congestion, haemorrhages and degenerative changes
were observed in the kidneys. Haemorrhages were also noticed
in the myocardium. Areas of liquifactive necrosis were
observed in brain and in skin, subcutaneous edema was
observed.