IMPACT OF CUMIN AND PRILL FAT SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND STRESS MARKERS OF CROSSBRED FEMALE KIDS DURING DIFFERENT SEASONS
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Date
2023
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ICAR-NDRI, KARNAL
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to study the impact of cumin and prill fat supplementation
on growth performance and stress markers of crossbred (Alpine x Beetal) female kids during
different seasons. Twenty-four crossbred kids (3 months) were selected from Livestock
Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (Haryana) and divided
equally into four groups having six kids in each group i.e., T1 (control– basal diet), T2 (basal
diet+ cumin @ 2% of conc. fed), T3 (basal diet+ prill fat @ 2.5% of DM intake) and T4
(basal diet+ combination of cumin @ 2% of conc. fed and prill fat @ 2.5% of DM intake).
The environmental variables viz- dry and wet bulb temperature and relative humidity were
recorded and temperature humidity index (THI) was calculated. Physiological parameters and
infrared thermography images of all the group of kids were recorded at weekly interval. Blood
sampling, DMI, environmental variables and growth measurements were recorded at
fortnight interval. The rectal temperature and respiration rate of crossbred goat kids was
significantly (P<0.05) higher in control group as compared to the treatment groups during
different seasons. The overall mean values of RR and RT of all groups was highest during hot
humid season, followed by hot dry and spring season. The control group's ear pinna and dorsal
surface temperature was significantly (P<0.05) higher as compared to treatment groups
during different seasons. The blood Hb and PCV exhibited significantly (P<0.05) higher
levels in the combination and prill fat supplemented groups compared to the control group
during different seasons. No significant (P< 0.05) difference was observed in the overall mean
values of plasma albumin, globulin, total protein, ALT and AST during different seasons
among all the groups. The overall mean values of plasma glucose level showed significantly
(P<0.05) higher values in treatment groups as compared to the control group during different
seasons. The plasma cortisol hormone was significantly (P< 0.05) lower whereas, overall
mean values of TSH and growth hormone was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in treatment
groups as compared to control. TSH and cortisol showed significantly lower and higher levels
during summer season respectively compared to spring season. Morphological parameters
viz. heart girth, body length and height at wither showed significantly (P<0.05) higher values
in prill fat and combination supplemented group as compared to cumin and control group
during different seasons. The overall mean values of absolute weight were significantly
(P<0.05) lower in control compared to treatment groups during different seasons. The ADG
of treatment groups were significantly (P<0.05) higher than control group during different
seasons. ADG was found to be significantly (P<0.05) lower throughout the summer season
(hot dry and hot humid) compared to the spring season. DMI was significantly (P<0.05)
higher in the cumin and combination supplemented groups compared to the control group,
with the lowest DMI found during the hot humid season. The supplementation of cumin, prill
fat and their combination helped in lowering stress markers (cortisol, RT, RR), increasing
average daily gain, dry matter intake, growth hormone and TSH, and ultimately improved
growth performance of kids of crossbred goat. The body weight gain was found to be
significantly (P<0.05) higher in combination supplemented group however, this
supplementation was less profitable compared to prill fat and cumin supplemented group
since the input cost was higher. Therefore, prill fat supplementation can be recommended to
the goat keepers for better returns.