Comparative studies on reproductive performance of common carp and amur carp with different types of feed
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Date
2021-02
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Proper nutrition is one of the most important factors influencing the ability of fish to attain the genetic potential for growth, reproduction and longevity. Nutrition is essential for egg development, fertilization rate, and ability of reproduction, ovarian tissues, growth and development of embryo. Feed should be formulated to meet the nutritional needs of the reproducing fish. The present study was conducted to compare the reproductive performance of common carp and Amur carp with different types of feed. Four different kinds of diets were prepared i.e. control diet, protein diet, lipid diet, carbohydrate diet. Both species including males and females were divided accordingly into the five groups i.e. control group with fix feeding (fish fed both the times morning and evening), and control group with random feeding (fish fed only once in a day in a random manner), protein group, lipid group, and carbohydrate group. All the fish in all the groups fed in split doses both morning and evening except for the control group with random feeding. The experiment was carried out for the 13 months from March 2019- March 2020. Improved growth in terms of length, weight, percent weight gain, GSI & HSI was observed in the group that was fed with protein diet. All the serum biochemical parameters evaluated found in optimal range. Serum steroid hormones were found elevated in lipid diet. Live sperm, motility duration, and spermatocrit are found highest in the diet enriched with lipid. Fecundity, ova diameter, was found maximum in the lipid and protein diet for both species. While observing the embryonic development between the two experimental fish i.e. common carp and Amur carp fed with the protein, lipid and carbohydrate diet and with different feeding schedules the present study revealed that both of the experimental fish fed with protein, lipid, carbohydrate and conventional diet had customary standard embryonic development with clear and normal organogenesis. However, at the same time the fish group with random feeding (once a day) displayed retarded development. From the present study it is revealed that quantity and quality of food along with an optimum feeding frequency are equally crucial for a superior growth, better health and a successful reproductive cycle of fish. These observations indicate that Amur strain of common carp displayed improved somatic growth as well as gonadal growth, so if it is cultured in large scale, it will definitely help in augmentation of fish production.