EFFECT OF POLLINATION TIME AND CROSSING RATIO ON HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION OF AMERICAN COTTON [(Gossypium hirsutum L.) cv. G.COT.HY. – 24 – BG – II] 3744
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Date
2023-08
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JAU JUNAGADH
Abstract
The present investigation conducted at the Instructional Farm, Department of
Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during
kharif 2022 with an aim to study the effect of pollination time and crossing ratio on seed
yield per plant, its components and seed quality parameters of cotton cv. G.cot.Hy. – 24
BG – II (Gujarat Cotton Hybrid – 24). The experiment was laid out in field as per
Randomized Block Design (Factorial) with three replications. The characters viz., number
of crossed flowers per plant, number of crossed bolls retain per plant, boll set (%), boll
weight (g), number of seeds per boll, total cotton seed weight per boll (g), seed yield per
plant (g) and 100 seed weight (g) were recorded as field observations and analyzed. The
laboratory study was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Seed Science and
Technology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. The
characters viz., seed germination (%), seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg),
seedling vigour index 1 (length) and seedling vigour index II (mass) were recorded from
the seeds harvested from different combinations of treatments evaluated in laboratory and
analyzed as per the Completely Randomized Design (Factorial).
The analysis of variance for seed yield per plant, its components and different seed
quality parameters revealed that different pollination time and crossing ratio treatments
manifested significant differences for seed yield per plant, its component traits and all the
seed quality parameters studied. Mean squares due to interaction effects of pollination time
and crossing ratio was found significant difference for seed yield per plant, its components
and different seed quality parameters except for 100 seed weight.
The experimental result revealed that irrespective of crossing ratio, the pollination
carried out between 11:00 am to 1:00 pm (P3) recorded significantly the maximum crossed
bolls retain per plant (17.60), boll set (76.57 %), boll weight (3.26 g), number of seed per
boll (23.60), total cotton seed weight per boll (1.88 g), seed yield per plant (22.09 g) and
100 seed weight (7.47 g) and also seed quality parameters viz., highest seed germination
(80.74 %), seedling length (9.72 cm), seedling dry weight (14.70 mg), seedling vigour
index I (length) (791.60) and seedling vigour index II (mass) (1201.07).
Irrespective of pollination time, the crossing ratio in which two female flower buds
are pollinated by one male flower (C1) recorded significantly maximum number of crossed
bolls retain per plant (16.14), boll set (80.43 %), boll weight (3.32 g), number of seeds per
boll (23.59), total cotton seed weight per boll (1.98 g), seed yield per plant (19.95 g) and
100 seed weight (7.63 g) as well as seed quality parameters viz., highest seed germination
(84.61 %), seedling length (10.73 cm), seedling dry weight (16.71 mg), seedling vigour
index I (length) (910.14) and seedling vigour index II (mass) (1417.73).
Among interaction effect of pollination time and crossing ratio, the treatment
combination P3 x C1 (pollination performed between 11:00 am to 1:00 pm and two female
flower buds are pollinated by one male flower) was noticed maximum number of crossed
bolls retain per plant (18.34), boll set (81.26 %), boll weight (3.55 g), number of seeds per
boll (24.64), total cotton seed weight per boll (2.27 g). seed yield per plant (24.23 g) and
100 seed weight (7.76 g) and also seed quality parameters recorded maximum seed
germination (87.51 %), seedling length (12.08 cm), seedling dry weight (18.36 mg).
seedling vigour index 1 (length) (1056.84) and seedling vigour index II (mass) (1607.30)
Overall, looking to the result, it could be suggested that during the hybrid seed
production programme of cotton cv. G.cot.Hy. – 24 – BG II under south saurashtra
condition for getting higher seed yield and good quality seed, the hand pollination of
emasculated flower buds should be carried out between 11:00 am to 1:00 pm and two
female flower buds could be pollinated by one male flower as it leads to maximum boll set
(%) along with higher boll weight (g), more seeds per boll and seed yield per boll as well
as good germination per cent.