Studies on variability and management of pearl millet smut caused by Moesziomyces penicillariae (Bref.) Vanky
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Date
2017
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Smut of pearl millet incited by Moesziomyces penicillariae (Bref.) Vanky is the most wide spread and destructive disease in India and other pearl millet growing areas of the world. This disease is a major limiting factor in full exploitation of high yielding potential hybrids in India. In the present investigation, during survey the smut severity to the extent of 10 per cent was observed in villages of Hisar, Mohindergarh, Rewari and Bhiwani. Among four isolates of M. penicillariae collected from Hisar, Jaipur, Mandore and Gwalior, there was not much variation in size and shape of sporeball but little variation was observed in size of sporidia and germination per cent. The Hisar isolate of M. penicillariae was found to be most virulent on the four cultivars of pearl millet. The growth of M. penicillariae was maximum at 35˚C on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium enriched with pearl millet grains and sucrose. Amongst 239 entries of pearl millet screened, 52 entries were free of smut, 93 entries showed smut severity upto 10% and in remaining 94 entries smut severity was 10 per cent and above. Among different fungicides evaluated against M. penicillariae the causal agent of pearl millet smut, carbendazim and copper oxychloride performed better under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Carbendazim was better as prophylactic spray whereas copper oxychloride was better to be used as curative. Among different plant extracts evaluated, aloe vera performed better to manage smut of pearl millet followed by jamun extract as pre inoculation spray.
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