Composting of paddy straw using additives along with microbial consortia
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Date
2022-07
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
In the present investigation, about 26 isolates (10 bacterial and 16 fungal isolates) available in
Soil Microbiology laboratory, Department of Microbiology CCS HAU Hisar, were screened for enzyme
activities including cellulase, xylanase, laccase and biosurfactant production. In case of bacterial isolates,
maximum cellulose hydrolysis index (5.33) was exhibited by RC13.1 and RC3.5 isolate on CMC agar
plate. Isolate RC13.1 has also shown maximum xylan hydrolysis index (4.43) laccase and biosurfactant
production. In case of fungal isolates, (maximum cellulase (3.28), xylanase (2.32), laccase (qualitatively)
was exhibited by H2, H3 and H16 isolates, respectively. H16 isolate also exhibited maximum
biosurfactant production confirmed by oil displacement. The bacterial isolate, M2 showed maximum
CMCase (0.33 IU/ml), Fpase activity (0.52 IU/ml) activity and second highest xylanase (7.63 IU/ml) and
followed by laccase activity (5.2 IU/ml). In case of fungal isolates, maximum CMCase (0.31 IU/ml), and
Fpase activity (0.42 IU/ml) were exhibited by H2 isolate. While isolates H3 and H16 showed maximum
xylanase (16.11 IU/ml) and laccase (8.4 IU/ml) activities. Based on these activities and compatibility to
each other, two bacterial (M2 and RC13.1) and three fungal (H2, H3 and H16) isolates were used for
microbial consortium. Microbial consortium along with additives including FYM, cattle dung, poultry
manure and mustard cake was analyzed for paddy straw degradation in flasks, trays, and pits. Treatment
T5 having paddy straw + microbial consortium + poultry manure was recorded with lowest total organic
carbon and maximum potassium content. Maximum total nitrogen and phosphorus content was observed
in treatment T6 having paddy straw + microbial consortium along mustard cake after 90 days of
composting. All the treatments having additives along with microbial consortium, had significantly
higher microbial activity (dehydrogenase), humic substances and better pH, EC and germination index.
On the basis of selected morphological and biochemical characters, the isolates RC13.1 and M2 were
identified as Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp., respectively. Based on morphological characteristics,
fungal isolates H2, H3, H16 were identified as Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus sp. and Phanerochaete sp.,
respectively.