Diagnostic evaluation of Transtracheal wash, Bronchoalveolar lavage and Ultrasonography in lower respiratory tract affections of cattle
Loading...
Files
Date
2020
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The study was conducted in 11 healthy and 51 diseased cattle clinically diagnosed for lower respiratory disease. Samples of blood for haematological parameters, transtracheal wash (TTW) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was collected. Ultrasonography of lungs in healthy and diseased cattle was performed. Diseased cattle, 20 each were treated with either enrofloxacin and benzathine penicillin. Mean of total nucleated cell number (TNCC) in TTW smears was 21.8±7.60 cells/hpf. The differential cell counts showed primarily neutrophils (41.4%) followed by macrophages (32%), respiratory epithelial cells (17.5%) and lymphocytes (8.55%) in healthy cattle. Proportion of lymphocytes was significantly low and the values of TNCC, percentage of macrophages, neutrophils and respiratory epithelial cells were unaffected in diseased group. Mean TNCC in BAL smears was 13.1±3.58 cells/hpf and differential cell count contained macrophages (63.3%), neutrophils (10.3%), respiratory epithelial cells (16.5%) and lymphocytes (4.64%) in healthy cattle. The percentage of neutrophils was above the median value of healthy animals in more than half of the diseased cattle. Cytology of tracheal samples showed suppurative inflammation (25%), chronic active inflammation (27%), chronic inflammation (9.8%), fibrino-purulent inflammation (9.8%), granulomatous inflammation (5.88%), bronchial cell hyperplasia (19.6%). Neutrophils degeneration was invariably observed in diseased cows. The proportion of the macrophages was low and epithelial cells was higher in BAL smear. Ultrasonographic abnormalities were recorded in chest in 46.7(%) of diseased animals. Bronchopneumonia was observed in 23.3(%); bronchopneumonia with lung consolidation in 16.7(%), pleural effusions with bronchopneumonia and pleural effusions with consolidation were present in 3.33(%) of animals for each of the abnormality. Recovery rate was higher with enrofloxacin treated cows.
Description
T1810