CLINICAL APPLICATION AND EVALUATION OF LIQUID NITROGEN CRYOTHERAPY IN ANIMALS
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Date
2008
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Publisher
AAU, Anand
Abstract
The sixty one clinical cases subjected to liquid nitrogen cryotherapy were grouped according to pathological conditions namely, Pappilomatosis or Warts (Group-I; 9 animals), Granulomatous lesions (Group-II; 10 animals), Fistulae or Sinus (Group-Ill; 6 animals), Mammary neoplasm (Group-IV; 4 animals). Foot rot (Group-V; 7 animals), Interdigital growth (Group-VI; 7 animals) and Miscellaneous pathology (Group-VII; 18 animals). Additionally, nineteen clinical cases subjected to cryosurgical disbudding were grouped as Disbudding in crossbred calves (Group-VIII; 13 animals) and Disbudding in buffalo calves (Group-IX; 6 animals). Cryoguard protected lesions were cryofrozen to -2O°C either by spray or contact freezing at the site using liquid nitrogen cryosystem model-800-777-CRYO cryogun. A double cycle of freezing followed by autothawing or overlapping freeze-thaw cycle was adopted for cryofreezing of the pathological lesions. In some of the neoplastic conditions, surgical debulking was followed by liquid nitrogen cryotherapy. Horn bud was cryofrozen to -40°C freezing level using double freeze-thaw cycles for cryosurgical disbudding. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy for pappilomatosis or warts was effective to resolve the lesions without tendency of recurrence but it left depigmented area at the site. Granulomatous lesions could be successfully resolved by liquid nitrogen cryotherapy except in two cases of lick granuloma. After cryofreezing the granulomatous lesions, the wound surface showed necrosis and cicatrisation. Later, the tissues became dry and showed tendency of sloughing leaving open surface. The site was then covered by scar. All the cases of perianal fistula or sinuses in dogs treated with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy showed uneventful recovery without recurrence or complications. Cryosurgery of smaller sized mammary neoplasms in bitches could be managed without the use of scalpel but led to scar formation. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy for the management of foot rot in goats was painfree, effective as well as cheap. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy alone failed in resolution of interdigital fibroma in cattle whereas, surgical debulking accompanied with cryotherapy was not only effective but also advantageous in preventing recurrence. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy could successfully manage the canine venereal granuloma in a bitch. Additionally, it was observed that the structural integrity and the contour of the vulva remained intact. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy effectively facilitated the clinical management of thrush, sarcoid and lacerated wounds in horses. Non healing open chronic wounds in animals showed tendency of healing following cryotherapy. In an advanced pregnant cow successful management of vaginal mass with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy was considered highly advantageous as it obviated the need of anaesthesia and radical surgery, which otherwise might have made the animal morbid at the most vital phase of gestation. Cryosurgical disbudding in crossbred as well as buffalo calves was effective and the younger calves below the age of 4 weeks were the best candidates for cryosurgical disbudding.
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Keywords
VETERINARY SURGERY, EVALUATION