Study of value chain analysis of litchi in Punjab
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Date
2021
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Litchi is grown in sub-mountainous region as a major fruit with 71.27 per cent total area
under both Pathankot and Gurdaspur districts of Punjab. The objectives of this study were to
look into value chains, factors influencing litchi prices and the major constraints faced by the
litchi growers during production and marketing of litchi fruit during 2019-20. Two blocks
each from Pathankot and Gurdaspur districts were selected and further eight villages were
selected for study purpose and hence eighty farmers were chosen for detailed analysis. The
information was also collected from wholesalers, retailers and processing unit. Mainly two
value chains existed in the study area i.e. Channel I (Producer – pre harvest contractor –
through commission agent – retailer – consumer) and Channel II (Producer – through
commission agent – retailer – consumer). The study showed that the reason of high marketing
risk made the majority of the litchi growers (78.75 per cent) to dispose off the produce
through pre-harvest contractor. Direct-sale in the market by growers was considered more
efficient i.e. 2.18 per cent when marketed in Pathankot and 2.24 per cent when marketed in
Gurdaspur. Producer’s share in consumer’s rupee in channel I was 50.77 and 64.29 per cent
when marketed at distant and local market in Pathankot, respectively. Similarly, in Gurdaspur
the share of producer was 51.51 and 62.50 per cent when marketed at distant and local
market, respectively. Producer’s share in consumer’s rupee in channel II was 68.55 and 69.12
per cent when marketed at Pathankot and Gurdaspur markets, respectively. Value added
products like litchi juice, litchi squash and canned litchi were manufactured by the processing
unit in the study area. The findings of the study indicated the positive relationship between
arrivals and prices of litchi in Gurdaspur market and inverse relationship was observed among
them in distant market. The major production and marketing problems were impact of
weather, animal/bird/pest/disease attack, high perishable nature, price fluctuations, etc. The
study further suggested that in order to achieve higher prices the growers should market their
produce directly in Punjab.
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Citation
Saini, Shamylee (2021). Study of value chain analysis of litchi in Punjab (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.