Incidence and Eco-friendly management of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infesting carrot
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Date
2021
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DRPCAU, PUSA
Abstract
The carrot (Daucus carota sub sp. sativus) is a root vegetable that can be purple, orange, red, white or yellowish. The tap root is the most widely consumed component of the plant, although the stems and leaves are also consumed. Vit-K and Vit-B6 are abundant in roots of carrot and it also contain a lot of beta carotene. Meloidogyne incognita, has been identified as a major impediment in effective carrot production. Annually, 20-25% loss is incurred due to Meloidogyne sp. infestation in carrot. According to a survey done in several areas of Samastipur district of Bihar, Meloidogyne sp. has been found to infect carrot crops in all of the locations. The greatest prevalence of was found in the Hi-tech horticulture, Pusa (1220), while the lowest was found in the Sugarcane Research Institute (SRI), Pusa (640). Other plant parasite genera found in the rhizosphere of carrot crops were Hoplolaimus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Pratylenchus sp., Tylenchorhynchus sp., and Xiphinema sp. The mean root knot index (RKI) was 2.17 on a scale of 1 to 5, suggesting that carrot plants planted in all areas were moderately resistant to the root knot nematode (Meloidogyne sp.), according to Hartman and Sasser (1985).
According to life cycle research, J2 of Meloidogyne incognita was infective juvenile stage and penetration begins in the zone of elongation of root tips within 24 hours of inoculation. At an average temperature range of 17°C to 20°C and a Relative Humidity of 94 percent, the life cycle of the southern root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in carrot was completed in 30 days.
From the Meloidogyne incognita management study, suggesting that management with Neem leaves + Phyllanthus amarus leaves @ 100 +100 g / pot followed by Phyllanthus amarus leaves @ 100 g / pot enhanced characteristics of growth viz. Shoot length or plant height, root length, shoot weight (fresh and dry), root
weight (fresh and dry), yield and effectively reduced the numbers of galls, juvenile population in soil. So, the management by using plant parts and extracts can be used by farmers for root knot nematode control, as it is an environmentally friendly, economically feasible method and had the same effects as Cartap hydrochloride 4G used.