Assessment of groundwater quality of Kaithal district and its effect on soil properties
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Date
2017
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The study on “Assessment of groundwater quality of Kaithal district and its effect on soil properties”
was done with the following objectives: (1) To assess quality of groundwater for irrigation and their mapping (2)
To study the effect of different quality waters on soil properties. The present study was carried out in four blocks
of Kaithal district. Total of 284 water samples were collected from running tube wells across different villages
from four blocks with the use of hand held GPS to denote the location of sampling point. Water samples were
analyzed to check their chemical composition in form of different parameters pH, EC, soluble cations (Ca2+,
Mg2+, Na+ and K+) and anions (CO3
2−, HCO3−, Cl−, SO4
2− and NO3−) by using standard methods. On the basis of
EC, pH, RSC and SAR samples were divided into different categories as per the classification of AICRP (1989)
on “Management of salt affected soils and its use in agriculture”. Two soil samples from each water category were
collected from different depths (0-15, 15-30, 30.45, 45-60 cm). To check the effect of water quality on soil, soil
samples were analyzed for physicochemical properties, soluble cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+) and anions
(CO3
2−, HCO3
−, Cl−, SO4
2− and NO3
−), ECe and SARe of saturation extract.
Among the total of 284 water samples collected across four different blocks, 137 (48.24%) were lying in
good category (A), 26 (9.15%) samples were marginally saline and 30 (10.56%) samples were high SAR saline. In
the same manner 36 (12.67%) samples were lying in marginally alkali category, 31 (10.92%) samples were alkali
and highly alkali category consists of 24 (8.45%) samples. No sample was found to lie in saline category among
four blocks. After analyzing the data of four blocks of the water, maximum poor quality water (86.3%) was found
in Kalayat block followed by Rajaund (62.8%), Pundri (39.7%) and Siwan (35.8%). In same manner maximum
good quality water was found in Siwan (64.5%) followed by Pundri (60.3%), Rajaund (37.2%) and Kalayat
(13.7%). Among the four blocks minimum ECe (1.19 dSm-1) and SARe (3.83 mmol l-1)1/2 was found in village
village Kithana in Rajaund block while maximum ECe (5.65 dSm-1) and SARe (19.08 mmol l-1)1/2 was found in
village Guliana of Rajaund block and Khirana of Siwan block. Minimum ESP (5.08%) and pH (7.24) was found in
village Fatehpur of Pundri block and Dubal of Kalayat block while maximum ESP (24.23%) and pH (9.25) was in
village Rajaund and Rasulpur of Siwan block respectively. Highest CEC 18.10 cmol (+) kg-1 and saturation
percentage (55.30%) was recorded in Rasulpur village of Siwan block while Lowest CEC 38.60 cmol (+) kg-1 and
saturation percentage (38.60%) was found in village Dumra of Kalayat block.