AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF NIGER-VIS-À-VIS RAJMA IN VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
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Date
2022-12-22
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur
Abstract
The present study entitled “An Economic Analysis of Production and
Marketing of niger vis-à-vis rajma in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra
Pradesh” was undertaken with a view to study the growth rate of area,
production and productivity of niger and rajma in Andhra Pradesh, cost and
returns, marketing cost and price spread, constraints in production and
marketing of niger and rajma in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh.
The study was carried out in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh
from which two mandals were selected which had maximum acerage under
niger and two mandals which had maximum acerage under rajma. From each
mandal two villages were selected and from each selected village 10 farmers
were selected through simple random technique making a sample size of 80
farmers.
The trends in area, production and productivity of niger and rajma in
Andhra Pradesh and Visakhapatnam district were studied from 2000-01 to
2018-19.In Andhra Pradesh, area and production of niger presented a negative
and significant growth rate of -6.59 and -7.03.Whereas, productivity presented
a positive non significant growth rate of 0.29. In case of rajma, area,
production and productivity presented a positive and significant growth rate of
8.15, 18.96 and 8.40 respectively.
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In Visakhapatnam district, area and production of niger presented a
negative and significant growth rate of -6.12 and -5.93.Whereas, productivity
presented a positive non significant growth rate of 0.64. In case of rajma, area,
production and productivity presented a positive and significant growth rate of
7.41, 17.77 and 8.93 respectively.
The average size of the family was smaller on rajma farms over niger
farms. Family members working on the farm were less on the rajma farms
compared to niger farms. Higher literacy rate was noticed on rajma farms over
niger farms. The average size of the holding operated by rajma farmers was
bigger than that of niger farms.
The present study indicated that at overall level, the cost of cultivation
of niger and rajma was ₹10,428.19 and ₹18,869.11. Out of total cost of
cultivation of niger and rajma, maximum share was cost incurred by human
labour i.e. 42.87 per cent and 35.20 per cent. The cattle labour cost, machine
labour cost, seed cost and fertilizer cost on rajma farm was ₹2000, ₹1050,
₹393.75 and ₹229.50 respectively. The cattle labour cost, machine labour cost,
seed cost and fertilizer cost on rajma farm was ₹1895, ₹1680, ₹4000 and
₹1900.The interest on working capital of niger and rajma farm was ₹98.74
and ₹227.74. The depreciation and interest on fixed capital on niger farm was
₹520 and ₹125.20. Whereas on rajma farm, depreciation and interest on fixed
capital was ₹700.61 and ₹124.76.
The average yield of niger and rajma per hectare was 4.5 and 8.4
quintals on sample farms which realized ₹22500, ₹12071.81, ₹16138.01,
₹14562.81 and ₹12604.19 as gross income, net income, farm business
income, family labour income and farm investment income respectively on
niger farm. Whereas on rajma farm, gross income, net income, farm business
income, family labour income and farm investment income were realized as
₹52500, ₹33603.89, ₹38457.65, ₹36732.89 and ₹33468.74 respectively. The
cost of production per hectare on niger and rajma was ₹2317.37 and ₹2246.32.
The rate of returns worked out on niger and rajma farm was 1.15 and 1.78.
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The marketing channels identified in transaction of niger were channel
I (Producer-Village trader-Wholesaler-Retailer) and channel II (Producer-
Village trader-Wholesaler-Wholesaler cum processor-Retailer). The
marketing cost was higher in channel II (₹223) than channel I (₹162) in
marketing of niger. The producer share of consumer rupee in channel I and
channel II were 90.36 and 85.68 per cent.
The marketing channels identified in transaction of rajma were channel
I (Producer-Village trader-Wholesaler-Retailer), channel II (Producer-Village
trader-Wholesaler I-Wholesaler II-Retailer) and channel III (Producer-Cooperative
society-Wholesaler-Retailer). Among the three channels in rajma
marketing channel II incurred high cost in transaction of rajma. The producer
share of consumer rupee in channel I, channel II and channel III were 82.26,
76.45 and 77.81 per cent. The net price received by producer was highest in
channel II (₹6,269.5 per quintal).
It was observed that, the major problem in production and marketing of
niger were pests and diseases during production and low price for the seeds
while marketing. The major problem faced by rajma farmers were
unavailability of labour and inadequate transportation facility. Use of high
yielding and resistant varieties, educating the farmers about the use of inputs
on scientific scale, increasing extension effort to enhance marketing news,
information and intelligence on different aspects of production and marketing
are some of the remedial measures to overcome the problems faced by
farmers in the study area.
Description
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF
PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF
NIGER-VIS-À-VIS RAJMA IN
VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT OF
ANDHRA PRADESH