INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN CLUSTERBEAN (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.Taubert)
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Date
2014
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ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Integrated Nutrient Management in
Clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taubert)” was conducted during kharif,
2013 at College Farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra
Pradesh. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam with a pH of 8.02 and the
electrical conductivity was found to be 0.178 dS m-1. The soil had low organic carbon
(0.36%), available nitrogen (198.3 kg ha-1) and available phosphorus (21.4 kg P2O5 ha-
1) and high available potassium (565.5 kg K2O ha-1). The experiment was laid out in
Randomized Block Design with ten treatments replicated thrice. The treatments were
T1 (Absolute control), T2 (100% RDN through urea), T3 (50% RDN through urea +
50% RDN through FYM), T4 (50% RDN through urea + 25% RDN through FYM +
Rhizobium), T5 (50% RDN through urea + 25% RDN through FYM + Rhizobium +
PSB), T6 (100% RDN through FYM + PSB), T7 (100% RDN through FYM
+Rhizobium + PSB), T8 (Rhizobium + PSB), T9 (Rhizobium) and T10 (PSB).
The observations on dry matter production were recorded at vegetative,
flowering and harvesting stages. Soil samples at initial, vegetative, flowering and at
harvest were analysed for pH, EC, OC, available N, P2O5, K2O, and assayed for soil
enzyme activity (dehydrogenase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase). Plant samples
were analysed for N, P and K at vegetative (30DAS), flowering (60DAS) and
harvesting stages (90DAS) and nutrient uptake was computed. The oven dried pods
were analysed for per cent protein content. The results of the experiment showed that
the performance of clusterbean crop improved significantly with integrated use of
organic manures, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers.
The dry matter production, number of pods per plant and pod yield was highest
with the application of 50% RDN through urea + 25% RDN through FYM +
Rhizobium + PSB (T5). Among the treatments, highest pod yield (47.89 q ha-1), number
of pods per plant (107.75) was recorded in T5 followed by T2. Nitrogen uptake, per cent
protein content, available nitrogen content in soil were highest in T2 (100% RDN
through urea) followed by T5, but the values were on par with each other. Available
phosphorus content in soil was more in the treatments having PSB inoculation and the
highest values were recorded in T7 and phosphorus uptake was highest in T5. With
regard to changes in soil available nutrient status from initial to harvest (0-90DAS),
there was an increase in available N, P2O5, K2O in all the integrated treatments along
with T2 (100% RDN).
Soil dehydrogenase activity and urease activity were found highest with
treatment T7 (100% RDN through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB) followed by T6. Highest
acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in soil at different growth stages was recorded
with the treatment T3 followed by T7 and the values were on par with each other. The
benefit-cost ratio of T2 (1.62) was highest, closely followed by T5 (1.36), T4 (1.13) and
T3 (0.94).
Based on the results of this study and keeping in view the soil health, and to
sustain the productivity of clusterbean and also to improve soil biological activity it can
be concluded that integrated use of 50% RDN through urea + 25% RDN through FYM
+ Rhizobium + PSB application is the best option which also helps in maintenance of
soil fertility.
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Keywords
INTEGRATED, NUTRIENT, MANAGEMENT, CLUSTER BEAN