DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIMEDIA MODULE FOR EMPOWERMENT OF RURAL PREGNANT WOMEN
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Date
2021-09-03
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Multimedia is a combination of media formats like text, images, audio, animation, video and any other media which is presented, transmitted, stored, and processed electronically. Multimedia is an edutainment tool that provides information along with entertainment to the learners which sustains their attention. It can also increase the impact of the message on the minds of its clientele incorporating interactivity. The teaching and learning can be more interesting and interactive in delivery of instruction. Hence, multimedia helps in enhancing the overall presentation.
In view of the above uses of multimedia, the research was proposed on ‘Development of multimedia module for empowerment of rural pregnant women’ following the experimental research design for the study in villages of Guntur district. A total of ninety respondents from nine villages i.e. ten pregnant women from each village were selected using purposive random sampling.
The study was focused on pregnant women as pregnancy is a physiological condition where great care should be taken during the period as it involves the dual life of mother and foetus, but in rural areas of the developing countries like India, much significance is not given, and considered as a normal condition. Hence, more complications during pregnancy are observed in the rural areas leading to high maternal mortality. This is due to lack of adequate knowledge and information availability and accessibility to the rural folk in India. Therefore, multimedia module was developed to impart knowledge to the pregnant women.
Results revealed that a huge majority of the pregnant women (95.55%) were in 18-35 years age group followed by equal number of the respondents fell under, below 18 years and above 35 years (2.22%) age groups. Nearly 47.77 per cent of the respondents had completed their college education followed by schooling (48.88%) and a meager percentage were illiterates (2.22%). More than sixty five per cent (65.55%) of the respondents belonged to joint families followed by nuclear families (34.44%). Based on the type of marriage 16.66 per cent of the rural pregnant women had consanguineous marriage while a great majority (83.33%) had non-consanguineous marriages. More than half i.e. 57.77 per cent of the women had medium level of socio-economic status
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followed by low (30%) and high (12.22%). The major family livelihood of the respondents was agriculture.
In order to develop a multimedia module knowing the existing knowledge gaps is an important pre-requisite. Information needs were categorized into two major components i.e. information needs required during pre-natal period and post-natal period.
The results revealed that under information needs during pre-natal period, majority of the respondents (85.55%) required information on obstetric complications during pregnancy (85.55%) followed by high risk pregnancy (81.11%), nutrition during pregnancy (75.55%), antenatal registration (58.88%), symptoms during pregnancy (57.77%), scanning (53.33%), personal care to be taken during pregnancy (53.33%) and laboratory investigations (52.22%).
It is clear from the results that information needs during post-natal period were expressed mostly by the rural pregnant women regarding danger signs of mother after delivery (98.88%), new born care (93.33%), nutritional care during post-natal period (85.55%) and personal care to be taken after delivery (31.11%).
With regard to information source, pregnant women receive information very frequently from parents (91.11%) followed by in-laws (80.00%), health department (88.88%), ICDS department (86.66%), media and other sources were expressed by a negligible percentage of women.
The respondents information needs were identified and were considered for developing multimedia module in vernacular language i.e. Telugu by integrating all the elements of multimedia. A page based authoring tool i.e. Power Point was used to develop the module as it has user friendly features. The module was then given for subject experts for checking the content validity.
The developed module was used to empower the selected pregnant. Scores of pre-test which was administered prior to multimedia presentation and post- test after exposure to multimedia were taken to measure the knowledge gained by the respondents. It is also evident that mean score of the pre-test falls under medium category (4.27) while the mean score of the post-test is high (8.62) with a knowledge gain of 4.27 mean score.
Paired t-test was also calculated for the knowledge assessment. Paired t-test values showed a significant difference between the mean score values of pre and post-tests of the respondents, and t- values were highly significant at 5% level which indicates that there was a significant difference between pre and post-tests.
Hence, the multimedia module efficacy was rated as satisfied to highly satisfied by the majority of the selected pregnant women. It showed that multimedia module was effective in dissemination of information as it provides visual learning.
Description
DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIMEDIA MODULE FOR EMPOWERMENT
OF RURAL PREGNANT
WOMEN