Delineation of thermal requirements of wheat (Triticum aestivum) staggered in different sowing windows and their validation
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Date
2021
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Owing to lack of work on delineation and mapping of thermal requirements of wheat
under Punjab conditions, the present study on “Delineation of thermal requirements of wheat
(Triticum aestivum) staggered in different sowing windows and their validation” was carried
out to assess the impact of climate change. The study used long term temperature data from
1990-2049, wheat yield data from 1990-2018 and phenological data of the field trial,
conducted during Rabi season 2019-2020 at research farm PAU, Ludhiana, with wheat
variety Unnat PBW 343 and five dates of sowing (D1-25th October, D2-5th November, D3-15th
November, D4-25th November and D5-5th December). In field experiment, maximum calendar
days (156), accumulated growing degree days (1615.5°C day) and grain yield (62.1 q/ha)
were recorded for 5th November sown crop. Results of trend analysis recorded highest rate of
increase in AGDD at S.B.S. Nagar (21.05°C day yr-1) under sowing window IV and heat use
efficiency at Bathinda (0.046 kg ha-1 °C day-1 yr-1) under sowing window V. Pentad wise
analysis revealed that under all sowing windows, maximum variability in HUE was observed
during P5 (2010-2014) and minimum during P1 (1990-1994). Through maps, it was observed
that spatially under all sowing windows, AGDD showed an increasing pattern in north-east
and central regions of the state during the past 30 years, while south-west region reflected
increasing pattern only under sowing window IV. Results of future validation projected that
most positive deviation in CRI (103.04%) and flowering (55.85%) is likely to occur at
Rupnagar and physiological maturity (46.05%) at Patiala during F6 (2045-2049),
respectively. However, Amritsar is likely to have least deviation in flowering (6.28%) and
physiological maturity (7.19%) during F1 (2020-2024). The study concluded that increasing
pattern of thermal requirements warns about more warming scenarios in future and thus,
creating a strong need to develop region specific climate smart adaptation strategies.
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Citation
Sharma, Ambika (2021). Delineation of thermal requirements of wheat (Triticum aestivum) staggered in different sowing windows and their validation (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.