IMPACT OF SEED PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES ON SEED YIELD, QUALITY AND STORABILITY IN OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) 3646
Loading...
Files
Date
2022-12
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
JAU JUNAGADH
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Impact of seed production techniques on seed
yield, quality and storability in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)” was
carried out in three parts: field experiment I was conducted at the Sagdividi Farm,
Department of Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh
Agricultural University, Junagadh; field experiment II was conducted at Instructional
Farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University,
Junagadh during Kharif 2020, and three laboratory experiment (two in Kharif 2020 and
third in rabi 2020-21 and onwards) were carried out at the Seed Testing Laboratory,
Department of Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh
Agricultural University, Junagadh. Different dates of sowing (D1: last fortnight of July and
D2: last fortnight of August), spacing (S1: 60 x 30 cm, S2: 60 x 45 cm, S3: 45 x 30 cm and
S4: 45 x 45 cm), levels of nitrogen (N1: 150 kg/ha, N2: 175 kg/ha and N3: 125 kg/ha), apical
pinching (P0: no pinching, P1: pinching at 20 DAS and P2: pinching at 30 DAS) and fruit
picking (F0: no fruit picking, F1: one fruit picking, F2: two fruit picking, F3: three fruit
picking and F4: four fruit picking) were evaluated in field condition (first trial) as well as in
laboratory condition (second trial) for okra variety GO-6. In the third experiment (storage
trial), seed treatments (S1: control (untreated seed), S2: Trichoderma @ 5g/kg seed, S3:
Sweet flag @ 10 g/kg seed, S4: Castor oil @ 10 ml/kg seed, S5: Neem oil @ 10 ml/kg
seed, S6: Neem powder @ 5g/kg seed and S7: Neem seed kernel extract) and containers
(P1: Cloth bag and P2: Aluminium foil bag) were evaluated.
In the field experiment, the characters viz., plant height (cm), number of branches
per plant, number of nodes per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit girth
(cm), dry weight of fruit (g), number of seeds per fruit, seed yield per plant (g), seed yield
per hectare (kg), processed seed yield per hectare (kg) and seed recovery percentage were
analyzed by Split-split Plot Design in experiment I and Randomized Block Design
(Factorial) in experiment II as per the statistical procedure described by Cochran and Cox
(1957). The characters viz., hundred seed weight, germination percentage, root length (cm),
shoot length (cm), seedling length (cm), seedling fresh weight (mg), seedling dry weight
(mg), seedling vigour Index I (length), seedling vigour Index II (mass), seed moisture
content (%) and electrical conductivity of seed leachates (dS/m) were recorded in the
laboratory from the fresh seed collected from the field trial after harvesting as per the
treatment combinations. In the third experiment, the observations were recorded at two
Abstract
ii
months interval up to twelve months of storage. Laboratory observations were analyzed
using Completely Randomized Design (Factorial) as per the statistical procedure described
by Cochran and Cox (1957).
In the field performance, sowing done at last fortnight of July (D1) significantly
recorded the maximum number of fruits per plant (12.17), fruit length (22.14 cm), fruit
girth (3.67 cm), dry weight of fruit (6.88 g), seed yield per plant (61.07 g), seed yield per
hectare (2651.11 kg), processed seed yield per hectare (1864.86 kg), seed recovery
percentage (71.27 %), hundred seed weight (6.64 g), germination percentage (84.97 %),
seedling length (20.13 cm), seedling fresh weight (251.94 mg), seedling dry weight (21.72
mg), seedling vigour index I (1712.75) and seedling vigour index II (1847.87). The spacing
of (60 × 30 cm) (S1) recorded significantly the maximum number of fruits per plant (13.32),
fruit length (23.10 cm), fruit girth (3.93 cm), dry weight of fruit (7.40 g), seed yield per
plant (64.04 g), seed yield per hectare (3071.66 kg), processed seed yield per hectare
(2288.62 kg), seed recovery percentage (75.60 %), hundred seed weight (6.81 g),
germination percentage (85.50 %), seedling length (20.49 cm), seedling fresh weight
(253.22 mg), seedling dry weight (22.21 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1754.72) and
seedling vigour index-II (1901.05). Significantly, the maximum number of branches per
plant (1.99), number of fruits per plant (11.72), seed yield per hectare (2445.19 kg),
processed seed yield per hectare (1718.84 kg), hundred seed weight (6.81 g), germination
percentage (84.50 %), seedling length (19.80 cm), seedling fresh weight (251.04 mg),
seedling dry weight (21.39 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1676.13) and seedling vigour
index-II (1810.66) were recorded maximum at nitrogen application of 175 kg/ha (N2).
Apical pinching done at 20 days after sowing (P1) recorded the maximum number of
branches per plant (3.39), fruit length (18.77 cm), fruit girth (4.45 cm), number of fruits per
plant (14.28), dry weight of fruit (6.59 g), seed yield per plant (59.92 g), seed yield per
hectare (2584.42 kg), processed seed yield per hectare (2531.93 kg), seed recovery
percentage (75.42 %), seed germination (85.53 %), seedling length ((19.62 cm), seedling
fresh weight (269.27 mg), seedling dry weight (23.94 mg), seedling vigour index I
(1684.69) and seedling vigour index II (2052.56). Two fruit picking (F2) recorded
maximum fruit length (19.64 cm), fruit girth (4.60 cm), dry weight of fruit (6.75 g), number
of seeds per fruit (68.44), number of fruits per plant (13.91), seed yield per plant (63.45 g),
seed yield per hectare (2525.03 kg), processed seed yield per hectare (2721.74 kg), hundred
seed weight (6.62 g), germination percentage (88.22 %), seedling length (22.35 cm),
seedling fresh weight (284.22 mg), seedling dry weight (25.05 mg), seedling vigour index-I
(1973.07) and seedling vigour index-II (2210.88).
In the storage condition, seeds of GO-6 treated with sweet flag @ 10g/kg seed and
stored in aluminium foil bag recorded the maximum germination percentage (95.33 %), root
length (8.10 cm), shoot length (13.83 cm), seedling fresh weight (288.67 mg), seedling dry
weight (28.35 mg) and seedling vigour index II (2702.50) after twelve months of storage.
Therefore, in nutshell, it can be concluded that, sowing done at last fortnight of July,
with spacing of 60 × 30 cm and application of nitrogen at 175 kg/ha is optimum to get
better growth, higher seed yield and quality in okra variety GO-6. The apical pinching done
at 20 days after sowing coupled with two green fruit picking is better for getting higher seed
yield with better quality. In storage, seeds treated with sweet flag @ 10g/kg seed and stored
in aluminium foil bag was found to be the best treatment combination which gave good
germination along with other seed quality parameters after twelve months of storage