Studies on biocompatibility and biodegradability of magnesium based orthopaedic bone implants in avian model
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Date
2019-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present study was conducted in 18 adult Uttara-fowls of 8-10 months of either sex, divided into three groups with six birds each, for intramedullary insertion of Mg and Mg-apatite orthopaedic bone spacers with the objective of finding their biodegradability and biocompatibility for the period of 180 days. In first, second and third group, plain Magnesium (Mg), Mg with five per cent Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Mg with 15 per cent HA containing implants, were surgically inserted in intramedullary space of humerus, respectively. The anaesthetic regimen with atropine sulphate premedication and induction of ketamine anaesthesia was pursued. For radiography medio-lateral and leading edge (Hanging-drop positioning technique) views for humerus of the birds were taken on scheduled intervals (immediate postoperative, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 6th week, 8th week,10th week, 12th week, 15th week, 18th week, 21st week and 24th week) and clinical parameters like heart rate, cloacal temperature, surgical duration, flight test, wing dropping test, histological evaluation and serum magnesium, calcium and phosphorous estimation were assessed to evaluate biodegradability and biocompatibility of implant material. Similar postoperative treatment and care were given to every bird during surgical convalescence. At the end of the study all the birds were euthanized with intravenous injection of thiopentone sodium as recommended by The Animal Welfare Board of India. Initiation of biodegradation was discernible in radiographs in birds of Group-I on 1st-2nd week (11th day); in Group-II on 3rd week (17th day); and Group-III on 1st week
(6th day). In this study the biodegradable magnesium based orthopaedic bone implants were evaluated as the best choice for the avian fracture management. From this study following conclusions can be made (i) all Mg based metallic implants are biocompatible and biodegradable (ii) concentration of HA relates directly in the biodegradation of the Mg-HA matrix implant.
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