Effect of row spacing and nitrogen rates on growth and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare l.) under guava (Psidium guajava l.) based agri-horti system
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Date
2021
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Department of Agronomy Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Barkachha, Mirzapur (Uttar Pradesh) to evaluate the influence of varying row spacing and nitrogen rates on growth and yield of barley under guava based agri-horti system. The experimental design was Factorial RBD consisted of three row spacings (15, 20 and 25 cm) and four nitrogen rates (0, 75, 100 and 125 kg ha-1). The findings of the statistical analysis showed that row spacing and nitrogen rates had significant impact on growth attributes. Row spacing of 20 cm registered significantly higher values of almost all growth attributes viz. plant height, tiller count per metre row length, shoot dry matter accumulation and leaf area index (LAI) followed by 15 and 25 cm row spacing. However, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate were highest under 15 cm row spacing followed by 20 cm and 25 cm. In nitrogen rates, 125 kg ha-1 recorded higher values of all the growth attributes over 0, 75 and 100 kg ha-1. The row spacing of 20 cm was at par with 15 cm row spacing in most of the yield parameters i.e., number of effective tillers, 1000-grain weight and grain count per ear head. While, ear length was significantly higher under 20 cm followed by 15 and 25 cm row spacing. Nitrogen application @125 kg ha-1 registered maximum values of all the yield attributes followed by 0, 75 and 100 kg ha-1 nitrogen rate. Grain yield was significantly influenced by row spacing and maximum grain yield (3347.74 kg ha-1) was obtained with 20 cm row spacing. Whereas, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index were not influenced significantly due to row spacing. Treating with nitrogen @125 kg ha-1 recorded significantly higher grain yield (3635.37 kg ha1) over control, 75 and 100 kg ha-1 nitrogen level. Maximum straw yield, biological yield and harvest index were also recorded under 125 kg ha-1 nitrogen rate. Highest gross return, net return and B:C ratio was obtained with 20 cm row spacing as compared to 15 and 25 cm row spacing. In case of nitrogen rates, highest net return and B:C ratio was registered by 125 kg ha-1 nitrogen rate. Partial factor productivity (PFP) was found maximum with 75 kg N ha-1. While, agronomic efficiency of applied nitrogen was highest under 125 kg ha-1 nitrogen dose.
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Nitrogen