Study on Genetic Diversity of Carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) found in North East India
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Date
2019-08-17
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College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat
Abstract
The experimental results showed that individual fruit weight ranged from 24g (P10) to 117g (P16); fruit length 6.10cm (P10) to 12.16cm (P16); fruit breadth 3cm (P18) to 7.10cm (P16); volume of fruit 24ml (P10) to 116.6ml (P16); seeds/fruit 1.33 (P10 and P14) to 5 (P5, P6, P11, P13, P15, P16, P17 and P19); fruit yield 240 fruits per tree per year (P6) to 625 fruit/tree/year (P9); TSS 4.8 (P15) to 14.50Brix (P9); Oxalic Acid 0.01% ( P2, P8, P10, P14, P17 ) to 0.06% ( P13); Ascorbic acid 28.00 (P12) to 65.00 mg/ 100g (P14); acidity 0.13% (P8) to 1.32%(P13); reducing sugar 3.7% (P20) to 11.9% ( P9) and total sugars 4.1%(P20) to 12.50% (P9). Based on the results obtained from the present investigation, it can be concluded that, selected carambola genotypes exhibited noticeable variation in the morphological and genetical characteristics. The genotypes P9 exhibited maximum yield (625 fruits per tree per year), P9 highest TSS (14.50Brix), P10 and P14 lowest seeds/fruit (1.33), P1`4 highest vitamin C content (65mg/100g) and P16 highest fruit weight (117g).
RAPD molecular marker also showed considerable variation in which out of the 20 RAPD markers used 15 primers generated 92 total numbers of band and 64 polymorphic bands with a mean of 4.26 bands per primer and 69.34% polymorphism. Dendrogram of the banding profile showed that the genotypes P1 and P20 are distantly related and P1 and P2 are closely related to each other. Thus, these findings illustrated the usefulness of morphological characterization and RAPD molecular marker as a logical method and useful tool for screening genetic diversity and will be useful for further crop improvement work for the development of superior genotype in the future.
Description
An extensive survey was conducted in different parts of North East India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur and Meghalaya) during 2017-19 to study the genetic diversity of carambola using morphological and molecular marker to identified superior genotypes having sweet in taste and high yield based on the descriptor of NBPGR of carambola
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