CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON DERMATOSES IN DOGS
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Date
2010-12
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Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, TIRUPATI – 517 502,A.P
Abstract
ABSTRACT :
The present study was conducted on 90 dogs with dermatological problems presented at the Veterinary polyclinics and private pet clinics. Skin biopsies obtained from 44 dogs with non-neoplastic lesions suffering from recurrent dermatoses were subjected to clinical, hematological, biochemical, cytological and histopathological studies. Excision biopsy samples were obtained from 46 dogs with neoplastic lesions.
Based on clinical observations the lesions were categorised into 7 groups namely, demodicosis (29.54%), malasseziasis (13.63%), flea allergic dermatitis (15.90%), seborrhoea (6.81%), hot spots (4.54%), hypothyroidism (9.09%) and miscellaneous (20.45%).
Hemoglobin values were significantly decreased in dogs with demodicosis, hot spots and hypothyroidism. Absolute neutrophil count was significantly high in dogs with demodicosis. Except in the dogs with seborrheic dermatitis, a significant decrease in the glucose values were observed between healthy dogs and dogs with dermatological problems. The serum albumin was significantly low in dogs with demodex and hot spots. Albumin globulin ratio was significantly low in dogs with Demodex and flea allergic dermatitis. Microscopically epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratinisation, parakeratosis, perifolliculitis and furunculosis were seen in demodicosis. In malasseziasis, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, spongiosis, scalloping of epidermis, formation of retepegs and increased collagen in dermis were noticed. In seborrhoea, acanthosis, parakeratosis and plugging of follicles with keratin were seen. Infiltration of neutrophils and mild subepidermal infiltration around blood vessels throughout the dermis were seen in flea allergic dermatitis. In hot spots, necrotic debris with neutrophils in epidermis and edema along with infiltration of neutrophils in the dermis were noticed. Epidermal atrophy, melanosis of epidermis, atrophy of sebaceous glands, hyperkeratosis, telogenisation of follicles or atrophy of follicles, dysplasia of follicles in few dogs were noticed in hypothyroidism. Edematous sweat glands, hyperkeratosis were seen in the dogs in the miscellaneous group.
The pattern analysis revealed perivascular pattern (37dogs), intraepidermal pustular pattern (12), subepidermal pustular pattern (4), follicular pattern (5 dogs), diffuse pattern (3 dogs), Panniculitis (1) and atrophic pattern in 16 dogs. Perivascular pattern was the most common pattern noticed in the biopsies. Dogs with demodicosis revealed perivascular pattern, follicular pattern, subepidermal pustular pattern and diffuse pattern. Skin biopsy specimens of dogs with malasseziasis revealed perivascular pattern, intraepidermal pustular pattern, and subepidermal pustular pattern. Histopathological analysis of neoplastic lesions in 46 dogs revealed many types of tumours of which perianal tumour was the most commonly occurring tumour (21.73%) followed by TVT (10.86%), basal cell carcinoma (10.86%), ductular adenocarcinoma of sweat gland (6.52%), squamous cell carcinoma (4.34%), mast cell tumour (4.34%), sebaceous adenoma (4.34%) etc.
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Keywords
DOGS ; DERMATOSES; CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES