REGIONAL DISPARITIES OF SELECTED FRUIT CROPS IN TAMIL NADU
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Date
2019-07
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Publisher
AAU, Jorhat
Abstract
Indian agriculture is known for its diversity, which is mainly the result of
variations in resource endowments, climate and topography, historical, institutional and
socio-economic factors. Regional disparity in agricultural development is referred to as
the variations in agriculture performance and productivity. In India, Tamil Nadu has a
unique position in Fruit crops production and also it is one of the largest producers of
fruit crops in India. In Tamil Nadu, there are 7 Agro-Climatic regions or zones which
cover 33 districts. Hence, the study was limited to major fruit crops namely Banana,
Sapota, Mango and Guava due to its importance of production. The present study was
about the growing tendency in area, production, productivity, regional disparities of the
selected fruit crops of different Agro-Climatic regions and factors affecting the selected
fruit crop’s production in Tamil Nadu.
Time series data of area, production and productivity of the selected fruit
crops of Agro-Climatic Regions of Tamil Nadu were collected for twenty years (1996-
97 to 2015-16). Three functions i.e., linear function, quadratic function and exponential
function were consider in order to study the growing tendency in area, production and
productivity. Best fitted trend equation had been selected based on highest R2 value and
lowest MSE value. Regional disparity in crop production was studied with the help of
composite index of development. The index was given by selected indicators. The
important Factors affecting the selected fruit crop’s production in overall Tamil Nadu
was studied by multiple regression analysis.
In this study, it was seen that the quadratic function was the best fitted
trend equation for area, production and productivity of different regions for the study
period 1995-96 to 2015-16 of the selected fruit crops. In case of Banana, the increasing
trend of the area was observed in all the Agro-Climatic regions except Southern Zone.
The production and productivity was showing the increasing trend in all the zones
except High Rainfall Zone. In the case of Sapota, the increasing trend of the area was
observed in all the zones except Hilly Zone. The increasing trend of production and
productivity was found in all the zones except High Rainfall Zone. In the case of
Mango, the increasing trend of area was observed in all the zones except Hilly Zone and
High Rainfall Zone and also the increasing trend of productivity was observed in all the
zones except North Eastern Zone. Though the decreasing of area and productivity was
found in some zones, the increasing trend of production was observed in all the zones.
In the case of Guava, the decreasing trend of area was observed in all the
zones except North Eastern Zone and High Rainfall Zone. The increasing trend of
productivity was observed in all the zones except North Western Zone and Southern
Zone. Regarding the production, the increasing trend was observed in North Eastern
Zone, Western Zone, Cauvery Delta Zone and High Rainfall Zone and the decreasing
trend was observed in remaining zones viz., North Western Zone, Southern Zone and
Hilly Zone. By using composite index of development, Western Zone was the high
level zone; North Eastern Zone, Cauvery Delta Zone and Southern Zone were high
middle level zones in Banana crop. In Sapota crop, Western Zone, North Western Zone
and Southern Zone were high middle level zones. In Mango crop, North Western Zone
was high level zone; North Eastern Zone and Western Zone were the high middle level
zones. In Guava crop, Western Zone was the high level zone followed by North Eastern
Zone, North Western Zone and Southern Zone were the high middle level zones. In
Banana, Mango and Guava crops, High Rainfall Zone and Hilly Zone were found that
low middle level and low level developed zone respectively. By using multiple
regression analysis method, area had been identified as the key factor of Banana,
Sapota, Mango and Guava crop’s production. In addition to area, average temperature
also had been identified as important factor in Guava crop.