Studies on seasonal cultivation of Schizophyllum commune (Fries) medicinal mushroom in Haryana
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Date
2023-06
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
Schizophyllum commune (Fries) is a valuable medicinal mushroom. Various factors such as growth media, temperature regimes, and pH levels were examined to determine the optimal conditions for its mycelial growth. The most suitable growth medium was potato dextrose agar (PDA). The ideal temperature range for mycelial growth was found to be 30±1˚C, while the optimal pH level was 5, although the mushroom can tolerate temperatures between 30-35˚C and pH levels of 4-6. When evaluating different combinations of substrates and supplements, it was observed that the mycelia grew faster when a mixture of wheat straw and sawdust (1:1) was supplemented with 10 per cent wheat bran. Among the four base materials tested for spawn production, sorghum grains were the most suitable. In March 2023, a study was conducted on the cultivation of S. commune using a substrate consisting of wheat straw and sawdust supplemented with wheat bran. The substrate was amended with 3 per cent calcium sulphate and 1 per cent calcium carbonate, filled into polypropylene bags, sterilized, and inoculated with spawn made from sorghum grains (2 per cent). The bags were placed in a dark mushroom house with a temperature of 30±1˚C, high carbon dioxide levels, and a relative humidity of at least 80 per cent. This cultivation method resulted in optimal spawn growth, pinhead formation, fruit body production, yield, and biological efficiency. Three flushes of mushrooms were obtained during the 37-day crop cycle, and a biological efficiency of 15 per cent was achieved using the supplemented substrate mixture throughout the cropping season.