EVALUATION OF INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS IN SOYBEAN ECOSYSTEM
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Date
2002
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University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
"The studies were conducted on survey and surveillance of pests associated with soybean, seasonal incidence, nature of damage, influence of cultural practices on the incidence of insect pests and evaluation of ecofriendly methods for effective management of key pests in soybean ecosystem at Main Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 1997 to 1999.
Soybean was attacked by 48 phytophagous species, of which 5 belonged to Orthoptera, 13 to Hemiptera, 1 to Thysanoptera, 18 to Lepidoptera, 9 to Coleoptera 2 to Diptera and three were non insect pests. The seedling borers, Melanagromyza sojae Zehnter, Obereopsis brevis Swed; leaf eating caterpillar Spodoptera litura Fab. and pod borer Cydia ptychora Meyrick were key pests during kharif. Whereas, leafminer Aproaerema modicella Deventer, whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn. and leaf hopper, Amrsca biguttula biguttula Ishida were major during summer.
Pod borer incidence was maximum in July sown crop. The per cent incidence of stemfly was low (17.66%) on soybean sown in second week of June whereas it was high (21.70%) with girdle beetle. Lower plant population of 0.28 million plants per ha recorded lower infestation of the seedling borers. The per cent pod borer damage was low (21.43%) on early sown crop during June.
Pathogencity of Nomuraea rileyi indicated 88.25 and 18.25 per cent mortality of Spodoptera litura and Cydia ptychora after 10 days of spray, respectively. The mycopathogen occurred in epizootic form on S.litura in soybean between 31 and 38th with peak activity in 34th and 35th standard week. N.rileyi @ 2.4 x 108 conidia/1 was most effective in reducing the larval population.
Among botanicals, NSKE (5%), Vitex negundo (5%) and combination of NSKE + SINPV proved effective in reducing the larval population and recording higher seed yield with better B:C ratios. Seed treatment with thiamethoxam and imidacloprid resulted in lower incidence of seedling borers and higher yield of soybean. Lambdacyhalothrin and chlorpyriphos established superiority in lowering larval population, pod damage and higher seed yield."
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