BIORATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS OF SAFFLOWER
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Date
2017-07-03
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Dr. PanjabraoDeshmukhKrishiVidyapeeth, Akola.
Abstract
Field experiment was conducted at Oilseeds Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during 2016 -17 in Randomized Block Design with nine modules and three replications. Efforts were made to see the effectiveness of management practices and to work out the effective module against major insect pests of safflower. Different treatments were tested against the major insect pests, infesting the safflower at different phenological stage of the crop.
Mean data revealed that, lowest plant population reduction 1.34 per cent, plant damage per hill 35.11% at 5 days after emergence and lowest plant damage 14.15 per cent at seedling stage due to gujhia weevil was recorded from normal seed rate + Phorate 10 % G @ 10 kg/ha (at the time of sowing). Next best treatments was higher seed rate (15 % ) followed by thinning of damaged plants recording 3.49 per cent reduction in plant population, 43.89 per cent plant damage per hill and and 23.93 per cent plant damage.
Treatment comprised foliar spraying of Quinolphos 25 EC @ 2 ml/l at 40 DAS recorded minimum 9.19, 9.67 and 9.59 aphids per 5 cm apical twig/plantat stem elongation to branching stage of cropfollowed by Acephate 75 SP @ 1.6 g/l at 40 DAS recorded 10.39, 11.92 and 12.86 aphids per 5 cm apical twig/plant and Dimethoate 30 EC @ 1 ml/l at 40 DAS recorded 13.04 aphids per 5 cm apical twig/plant. All these were found at par.
Minimum capsule borer population 0.16 larvae/plant was recorded from normal seed rate + Phorate 10 % G @ 10 kg/ha (at the time of sowing) + foliar spray of Dimethoate 30 EC @ 1 ml/l at 40 DAS + 2nd spraying of Chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 2.5 ml/lit of water at 70 DAS at capsule development stage. The next effective treatment was normal seed rate + soil drenching with Metarhizium anisopliae 2×108 cfu/ml@ 5g/l + foliar spray of Verticillium lecanii 2×108 cfu/ml@ 5g/l at 40 DAS and higher seed rate (15 %) followed by thinning of damaged plants + foliar spray of Quinolphos 25 EC @ 2 ml/l at 40 DAS + 2nd spray with Beauveria bassiana 2×108 cfu/ml@ 5g/l at 70 DAS 0.47 larvae/plant.
Higher seed yield 1542 kg/ha was recorded from higher seed rate (15 %) followed by thinning of damaged plants + foliar spray of Quinolphos 25 EC @ 2 ml/l at 40 DAS + 2nd spray with Beauveria bassiana 2×108 cfu/ml@ 5g/lat 70 DAS(T8).
Highest incremental cost benefit ratio 1: 8.30 was obtained from higher seed rate (15 %) followed by thinning of damaged plants to gujhia weevil + foliar spray of Acephate 75 SP @ 1.6 g/l at 40 DAS + 2nd spray with Metarhizium anisopliae 2×108 cfu/ml@ 5g/l at 70 DAS(T7).
Over all result indicated that module included higher seed rate (15 %) followed by thinning of damaged plants + foliar spray of Acephate 75 SP @1.6 g/l or Quinolphos 25 EC @ 2 ml/l at 40 DAS + 2nd spray with Metarhizium anisopliae 2×108 cfu/ml @ 4g/l at 70 DAS or Beauveria bassiana 2×108 cfu/ml @ 5g/l at 70 DAS was found effective and economical against major insect pests of safflower.
Description
In the present study occurrence of major insect pests, their behavior and stage of the crop, which found susceptible to these insect pests were considered and likewise treatments were tested. Immediately after emergence of safflower, gujhia weevil found damages the crop, resulted in to the poor plant stand. For managing this pests, increased seed rate by 10 and 15 percent over normal seed rate followed by thinning of damaged plant due to gujhia weevil helped to maintain the normal plant population of plant for obtaining the adequate yield. Being Gujhia weevil a soil dwelling insect pests, soil drenching with Metarhizium anisopliae @ 5g/l, Neem seed powder @ 200 kg/ha and Phorate 10 % G @ 10 kg/ha at the time of sowing were tested. Second major insect pest of safflower is aphid, observed throughout the cropping stage but most vulnerable stage is the stem elongation, which causes economical loss. In this study targeted the stem elongation stage (40 - 55 days after sowing) of the crop and protected by spraying of Verticillium lecanii @ 5 g/l, Acephate 75 SP @ 1.6 g/l , Quinolphos 25 EC @ 2 ml/l and Dimethoate 30 EC @ 1 ml/l at 40 days after sowing. Third important pest is capsule borer, occurred at rosette stage of the crop and bud initiation, it was found more detrimental at bud formation stage (70 - 80 days after sowing). Hence sprayed Beauveria bassiana @ 5g/l, Metarhiziumanisopliae @ 5g/l and Chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 2.5 ml/lit at 70 days after sowing.
Keywords
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Citation
PRAGATI, TANGLE.(2017).BIORATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS OF SAFFLOWER. Department of Entomology,Dr. PanjabraoDeshmukhKrishiVidyapeeth, Akola. M.Sc.2017.xii, 80p. (Unpublished).