EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOURCES AND METHODS OF SILICON APPLICATION ON DIRECT SOWN RICE
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Date
2021-12-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Effect of different sources and methods of silicon
application on direct sown rice” was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla
during kharif, 2019-2020. The experimental soil was sandy clay in texture, slightly
alkaline in reaction and non-saline. The soil was low in organic carbon, low in
available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus, high in available potassium,
medium in silicon and sufficient in all available cationic micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn
and Cu).
The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with nine
treatments replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of T1- 100% RDF (180:60:40
N-P2O5-K2O kg ha-1
through Urea, SSP and MOP); T2- 100% RDF + soil application
of 100 kg ha-1 Calcium Silicate; T3- 100% RDF + soil application of 200 kg ha-1
Calcium Silicate; T4- 100% RDF + soil application of 20 kg ha-1 Silixol granules; T5-
100% RDF + soil application of 40 kg ha-1 Silixol granules; T6- 100% RDF + foliar
spray of Stabilized Silicic acid @ 0.4% at 30 & 60 DAS; T7- 100% RDF + foliar
spray of Stabilized Silicic acid @ 0.4% at 30, 60 & 90 DAS; T8- 100% RDF + foliar
spray of Potassium Silicate @ 0.8% at 30 & 60 DAS; T9- 100% RDF + foliar spray of
Potassium Silicate @ 0.8% at 30, 60 & 90 DAS.
A common dose of nitrogen @ 180 kg ha-1 was applied in the form of urea in
three equal splits i.e 1/3 as basal, 1/3 at active tillering and 1/3 at panicle initiation
stage. Phosphorus in the form of single super phosphate 60 kg ha-1 was applied as
basal just before sowing. A common dose of 40 kg K2O ha-1 was applied as muriate of
potash, in two equal splits as half at basal and half at panicle initiation stage by
considering the plot size. Different sources of silicon were applied as per treatments.
The influence of various treatments on growth attributes, yield attributes, yield
were recorded. Nutrient content, uptake and soil properties (Physico-chemical
properties and available nutrients) were determined by standard procedures at
different stages.
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The soil properties like pH, EC, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity
were not significantly influenced by application of different silicon sources. Soil
chemical properties like available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon
significantly increased with application of 100% RDF + soil application of 200 kg
ha-1
calcium silicate (T3) and it was on par with 100% RDF + foliar application of
stabilized silicic acid @ 0.4% at 30, 60, 90 DAS (T7), 100% RDF + foliar application
of potassium silicate @ 0.8% at 30, 60, 90 DAS (T9) and 100% RDF + soil
application of 40 kg ha-1
silixol granules (T5) whereas available micronutrients like
Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu non-significantly increased by application of different silicon
sources and methods.
Growth attributes like plant height, number tillers per hill, SPAD chlorophyll
values, leaf area index and yield attributes like test weight, harvest index, dry matter
production as well as yield (straw and grain) significantly increased by application of
T3 treatment (100% RDF + soil application of 200 kg ha-1
calcium silicate) and it was
on par with T7 (100% RDF + foliar application of stabilized silicic acid @ 0.4% at 30,
60, 90 DAS), T9 (100% RDF + foliar application of potassium silicate @ 0.8% at 30,
60, 90 DAS) and T5 (100% RDF + soil application of 40 kg ha-1
silixol granules).
Plant nutrient content (N, P, K, Si) and its uptake at tillering, panicle initiation,
straw and grain at harvest stage of direct sown rice was significantly increased with
application of 100% RDF + soil application of 200 kg ha-1
calcium silicate (T3) and it
was on par with 100% RDF + foliar application of stabilized silicic acid @ 0.4% at
30, 60, 90 DAS (T7), 100% RDF + foliar application of potassium silicate @ 0.8% at
30, 60, 90 DAS (T9) and 100% RDF + soil application of 40 kg ha-1
silixol granules
(T5) whereas content and uptake of micronutrients like Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu nonsignificantly increased by application of different silicon sources.
Quality parameters like grain protein and total carbohydrate content
significantly increased by application of T3 treatment and it was on par with T7, T9
and T5.
The T3 (100% RDF + soil application of 200 kg ha-1
calcium silicate), T7
(100% RDF + foliar application of stabilized silicic acid @ 0.4% at 30, 60, 90 DAS),
T9 (100% RDF + foliar application of potassium silicate @ 0.8% at 30, 60, 90 DAS)
and T5 (100% RDF + soil application of 40 kg ha-1
silixol granules) treatments
significantly increased the soil chemical properties, plant nutrient content and its
uptake, growth and yield attributes, yield as well as quality parameters and these
significantly increased treatments like T7, T9 and T5 are on par with T3.
Overall, the results suggested that 100 % RDF + soil application of 200 kg ha-1
calcium silicate enhanced the soil available nutrients and yield of direct sown rice.
But the highest B: C ratio was obtained with the foliar application of 0.8 % potassium
silicate at 30, 60 and 90 DAS which also gave the significant increment in soil
properties and as well as yield of direct sown rice. So, taking into consideration of
three aspects like improving soil properties, yield and B:C ratio, the foliar application
of potassium silicate at 30, 60 and 90 DAS was the best option for the farmers.
Description
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOURCES
AND METHODS OF SILICON
APPLICATION ON DIRECT
SOWN RICE