Induction of variability through chemical mutagenesis in garlic (Allium sativum)
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Date
2020
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Induction of variability through chemical mutagenesis in
garlic (Allium sativum L.)” was conducted during the year 2017-18 and 2018-19 in Rabi
season. The experiment was carried out with three garlic genotypes viz. PG-44, PG-52 and
PG-80 with different concentrations of colchicine and EMS. The experiment consisted of six
treatments of colchicine namely (C0 - control, C1-0.05%, C2-0.15%, C3-0.25%, C4-0.35%, C50.45%
and C6-0.55%) and seven treatments of EMS (E0-control, E1-0.05%, E2-0.15%, E30.25%,
E4-0.35%, E5-0.45%, E6-0.55% and E7-0.75%) with three exposure durations of 6, 12
and 24 hours. Data were recorded for lethal doses, growth (leaf number, leaf length, leaf
width and plant height), yield (clove length, clove width, bulb diameter, average bulb weight,
total yield) and biochemical parameters (allicin acid and pyruvic acid). In colchicine
treatments, LD50 was attained at 0.19% for 6 hours, 0.15% for 12 hours and 0.08% for 24
hour duration in PG-44. In PG-52, it was obtained at 0.38% at 6 hour, 0.29 at 12 hour and
0.14% at 24 hour duration. While in PG-80, it was found at 0.33% at 6 hour, 0.32% at 12 hour
and 0.09% at 24 hour duration. In EMS, LD50 was attained at 0.45% at 6 hour, 0.41% at 12
hour and 0.37% at 24 hour duration in PG-44. In PG-52, it was observed at 0.42% at 6 hour,
0.4% at 12 hour and 0.38% at 24 hour duration. In PG-80, it was obtained at 0.5% at 6 hour,
0.44% at 12 hour and at 0.31% at 24 hour duration. Among morphological parameters
promontory effects of mutagens were observed for leaf characters (leaf number, leaf length
and leaf width) and bulb diameter at lower concentrations (0.05 and 0.15%). Linear reduction
in all characters had been noticed at increased concentrations of both colchicine and EMS.
While, exponential decrease was recorded for all characters understudy at increased treatment
duration. Higher variation in characters was observed in EMS treatments as compared to
cholchicine. Mutagenic frequency was higher at increased concentrations of mutagens
whereas, mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency was higher at lower concentrations. More
biological damage occurred at higher concentrations of mutagens. Thus, the present study
concluded that lower doses of mutagens at higher exposure time and higher doses of
mutagens at lower exposure duration are better in inducing variability in garlic.
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Citation
Sukhvir Kaur (2020). Induction of variability through chemical mutagenesis in garlic (Allium sativum) (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.